將廢棄菇類固態培養基萃取物固定於矽藻土表面用於膜反應器進行染料降解之研究

Enzyme extract from solid spent mushroom medium followed by immobilization on celite for degradation of synthetic dyes in membrane based reactor

黃立名(Li-Ming Huang)

指導教授 ： 周崇榮

中原大學/工學院/化學工程研究所/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu202000572

摘要

隨著時代的推演、科技的進步，加上環保意識逐漸抬頭，並開啟了綠能工業時代，酵素工程成為了最受注目的綠能技術之一。本實驗利用台灣食用菇類種殖農業常見之廢棄太空包（食用菇固態廢棄培養基），經粗萃及三相分離程序純化後，得到高濃度含漆酵素之萃取物，並將其固定化於改質矽藻土(celite)表面，以運用在酵素膜反應器上處理染料廢水。結果顯示，杏鮑菇(Pleurotus eryngii)萃取物之蛋白質濃度可達12 mg/ml；而秀珍菇(Pleurotus ostreatus)萃取物之蛋白質濃度約為13 mg/ml，兩者之活性皆經確認在10 -16 U/mg。矽藻土以3-氨基丙基三甲氧基矽烷(APTMS)處理，以傅立葉紅外光譜(FT-IR)於波數3500 cm-1 的位置確認了改質後的表面胺基，再用戊二醛作為交聯劑以共價鍵結固定化漆酵素於矽藻土上並應用於膜反應器中。處理Acid Blue 25 染料時，以商用漆酵素處理效果最佳（約90%）；相對而言於，處理Acid Orange 7 染料時，以三相萃取固定化酵素的處理結果較良好（在連續反應中以達成大部脫色的效果），推測為萃取液中可能含有部分天然氧化還原介體，強化了氧化還原過程中的染料降解效果。期望未來能將模組加以改良，並由玻璃反應器模組規模放大至公升級機械模組，使其更加接近工廠規模，以酵素法達成資源循環運用與節能環保之廢水處理。

關鍵字

漆酵素 ； 矽藻土 ； 偶氮染料 ； ??染料 ； 三相分離法(TPP) ； 廢棄 固態培養基 ； 酵素固定化 ； 酵素膜反應器

並列摘要

In the wake of environmental protection awareness associated with modern technology and industrial development comes the era of green recycling economy. Among many pioneering fields, enzymatic engineering has stayed one of the promising green technologies. In this experiment, the secreted lignocellulose degrading enzymes in the solid state waste from edible mushroom farming was recycled by water leaching and three-phase separation procedures. Subsequently, active laccase-containing extract was obtained at high protein concentration, and was immobilized on the surface of the functionalized celite, which could be used in the enzyme reactor to treat dye wastewater.
The results showed that the protein concentrations of the Pleurotus eryngii and the Pleurotus ostreatus extracts were about 13 and 12 mg/ml, respectively. The activities of both extracts were confirmed at 10 – 16 U/mg. On other hand, celite was treated with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS), and the modified surface amine groups were confirmed by Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) at a wavenumber of 3500 cm-1. Next, glutaraldehyde, as cross-linker, was used to immobilize laccase on the functionalized celite by covalent bonding. The laccase can be immobilized effectively according to batch reaction test and the enzymatic celite was used in membrane reactor to treat the simulated dye wastewater. For the treatment of Acid Blue 25 dye, immobilized commercial laccase could reach a high level of dye decolorization(~ 90%); in contrast, for the treatment of Acid Orange 7 dye, the enzymatic celites modified with three-phase extraction extracts performed better in continuous reactor and achieved thorough decolorization. It was suggested that the extracts may contain some natural redox mediators, which enhances the dye decolorization in the reaction process. It is expected that the modules can be improved in the future by scaling the benchtop reactor up to make it closer to the industrial scale. In summary, this enzymatic method could achieve resource recycling, cost effective and eco-friendly wastewater treatment.

並列關鍵字

Laccase, diatomaceous earth(celite), azo dye, anthraquinone dye, three-phase separation method (TPP), waste solid medium, enzyme immobilization, enzyme membrane reactor

參考文獻

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