國家競爭力對投資環境力與投資風險度影響之研究-以台商布局一帶一路國家跨文化差異為基礎

Study of the Influence of Country Competitiveness on Investment Environment and Investment Risk - Based on Cross-cultural Differences in The Belt and Road Countries for Taiwanese Enterprises

蔡承勳(Cheng-Hsum Tsai)

指導教授 ： 呂鴻德

中原大學/商學院/企業管理研究所/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201600273

摘要

隨著中國大陸發展快速，其影響力逐漸提升並重新塑造全球經貿版圖的革新，2013年開始中國大陸以經濟為後盾大力推動「一帶一路」戰略，試圖建造連結歐亞非大陸的互聯互通，所謂牽一髮而動全身，一個新型戰略將改變全球經貿秩序，而台灣主要以貿易為發展動能，而「一帶一路」戰略將能提供台商新的機遇。因此本研究希望台商能有效針對「一帶一路」不同國家的投資環境及投資風險做進一步的探討，並結合企業自身優勢及打造企業競爭力以成功布局「一帶一路」國家。
有鑑於此，本研究將依據文獻探討及有關研究之彙整，選出相關變數加以探討，包含：（1）將國家競爭力區分為「人口紅利」、「人均GDP」及「外人投資規模」並加以分群；（2）投資環境力區分為「法規限制」、「政府限制」、「基建便捷」及「邊境便捷」；（3）投資風險區分為「投資成本」、「經商成本」、「政治風險」及「經濟風險」；（4）將布局路徑區分為「一帶國家」及「一路國家」；（5）在文化差異（Cultural Differences）方面聚焦於宗教，並將「一帶一路」國家之主要宗教區分為「佛教」、「伊斯蘭教」、「基督教」及「印度教」。透過問卷之量化形式，針對布局於「一帶一路」國家的台商進行調查，共回收510份問卷，從而得到結論如下：
1. 「一帶一路」國家的國家競爭力對投資環境力及投資風險度的影響有顯著差異
2. 「一帶一路」國家的投資環境力與投資風險度有顯著相關
3. 台商布局「一帶一路」國家所選的布局路徑對投資環境力及投資風險度有顯著差異
4. 台商布局「一帶一路」國家之主要宗教對投資環境力及投資風險度有顯著差異
最後，本研究茲將國家競爭力、布局路徑及主要宗教進行彙整，進而得知「新加坡」為本研究探討的「一帶一路」國家中最適台商前往投資布局之國家。

關鍵字

一帶一路 ； 國家競爭力 ； 投資環境 ； 投資風險 ； 跨文化差異

並列摘要

With the fast development of Mainland China, its influence is gradually improved, and it has reshaped the global economy and trade domain. Since 2013, supported by its economy, Mainland China has strongly promoted the “The Belt and Road” strategy, trying to build connection that links the continents of Europe, Asia and Africa. Pull one hair and the whole body is affected, a new strategy will change the global economy and trade order, while Taiwan mainly depends on trade for development, and the “ The Belt and Road” strategy can provide new opportunities to Taiwan businessmen. Therefore, this thesis wishes that Taiwanese Enterprises can effectively make further discussion of the Investment Environment and Investment Risk in different countries in accordance with “ The Belt and Road” strategy, so that by combining the company`s own advantages, it can improve the corporate competitiveness and help successful layout of “ The Belt and Road” strategy.
To this end, based on the literature discussion and related research summarization, this research will choose related variables for discussion, including: (1) The Country Competitiveness is divided into “demographic dividend”, “GDP per capita” and “foreign investment scale”groups; (2) The Investment Environment is divided into “regulatory control”, “ government restriction”, “infrastructure convenience”and “border convenience”; (3) The Investment Risk are divided into “investment cost”, “business cost”, “political risks” and economic risks”; (4) The Layout Path is divided into “ The Belt countries” and “ The Road countries”; (5) From the perspective of Cultural Difference, it mainly focuses on the aspect of religion, and the “ The Belt and Road” countries are mainly divided into the religions of Buddhism, Islam, Christianity and Hinduism. Through the quantitative form of questionnaire, we conduct investigation of Taiwanese Enterprises who have business in “ The Belt and Road” countries, 510 questionnaires were recovered, and we obtain the following conclusion:
1. There is significant difference between the impact of the Country Competitiveness of “ The Belt and Road” countries on the Investment Environment and Investment Risk.
2. The Investment Environment and Investment Risk of “ The Belt and Road” countries present significant correlation.
3. There is significant difference between the impact of the Layout Path chosen by Taiwanese Enterprises in “ The Belt and Road” countries on the Investment Environment and Investment Risk.
4. There is significant difference between the impact of the religion of “ The Belt and Road” countries where Taiwanese Enterprises conduct business on the Investment Environment and Investment Risk.
Finally, this research will summarize the information of Country Competitiveness, Layout Path and Main Religion, and further obtain that among the “ The Belt and Road” countries discussed in this research, Singapore is the most suitable country for Taiwanese Enterprises to make investment.

並列關鍵字

The Belt and Road ； Country Competitiveness ； Investment Environment ； Investment Risk ； Cross-cultural Differences

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