透過您的圖書館登入
IP:3.17.28.48
  • 學位論文

機構內老人精神虐待相關因素之探討─以中部地區養護機構為例

A study of Elderly Psychological Abuse in the Residential Setting---An Example from Central Taiwan

指導教授 : 黃志忠

摘要


本研究欲瞭解安養護機構內老人精神虐待之概況,探討機構內照顧者工作壓力來源、機構環境、照顧者與老人特質對老人精神虐待之影響,藉由研究結果提供政策發展之建議與安養護機構工作環境與管理之改善。基於上述研究目的,本研究以多元理論歸因為研究架構,主要採量化研究方法,抽取中部地區86位在機構服務的照顧者,以面訪方式進行問卷調查,且輔以質性訪談方式,訪問機構照顧者2位、照服員組長1位以及機構住民2位,主要研究結果如下: 1.使用照顧者精神虐待老人行為量表(CPEAB),發現平均得分前三高的選項為「可能會失禁情況下強迫其穿尿褲」、「直呼老人姓名」,以及「不告訴老人實情、非善意欺騙老人」。 2.在機構中,造成照顧者工作壓力的相關因素可能包括:照顧者的年齡、類似工作經驗、在職訓練、每天照顧老人時間、每天照顧老人人數、老人行為問題、服務老人人數以及老人平均年齡等,皆有可能造成機構照顧者之工作壓力。 3.老人精神虐待發生的危險因子,包含組織環境因素,如機構平均收費、照顧者人數以及離職率;機構照顧者特質,如年齡、在職訓練、財務壓力;機構老人的行為問題;機構照顧者工作壓力等都和老人精神虐待量表達到顯著相關,整體模式的解釋力為26%。 4.從質性資料得知,機構中照顧人力不足、離職率高,照顧者工作時長,負荷量超載。因工作量多,有時會故意忽略老人的需求;為了工作方便性,有時會束縛或者幫老人包紙尿褲。如照顧到失智類型的老人較容易不耐煩,此外,如遇到主動挑起事端、口出穢言的老人,在忍無可忍的情況下才會對其回嘴、大小聲。 5.機構之精神虐待問題確實存在於台灣社會中,考量老人精神虐待發生的相關原因,需同時思考機構照顧者、老人、工作壓力以及組織環境因素交互影響之結果。 安養護機構的照顧需求已逐漸增加,希望透過此研究可以讓政府正視到機構內虐待問題之嚴重性,並且關心到安養護機構中身為一線工作人員的照顧者之工作條件,期望有機會能夠作為政府訂定相關規範的參考,由此減低老人福利相關服務在這方面的管控死角,並同時提升老人在安養護機構中的生活品質。

並列摘要


This study aimed to understand the elderly psychological abuse in the residential settings, This study investigate into the cause of residential settings caregivers’ working stress, the environment of the residential settings, the caregiver’s and the elderly characteristics. The main research method is quantitative method by using face-to-face surveys to collect data. A total of 86 samples that work in the residential settings completed this study in central Taiwan. The researcher also combined qualitative research by using in-depth interview, including 2 residential setting caregivers, 1 the chief of caregiver and 2 residential setting elderly. The main findings of this research are as following: Caregiver Psychological Elder Abuse Behavior Scale(CPEAB) was used to collect data, “Make him/her wear diapers unnecessarily” ,”Insult him/her by calling his/her full name”, and ”Deceive him/her” received the highest scores. 1.The causes of residential setting caregivers’ working stress are including the caregivers’ age, similar working experience, on-the-job training, the average hours that the caregivers work(per day), the average people of the elderly that caregivers care(per day), the behavior problems of the elderly, the number of elderly in the residential setting, the average age of the elderly, etc. 2.The risk factors for elderly psychological abuse are the environment of the residential settings, including the average charge, the number of the caregivers, and turnover rate; caregivers’ characteristics, including age, on-the-job training, financial burden; the behavior problems of the elderly; caregivers’ working stress. All of the variables accounted for 26% of the dependent variable. 3.From qualitative data, caregivers were insufficient to serve elderly, high turnover rate, the caregivers work too long and overloaded. Sometimes they ignore elderly requests. For convenience, they make elderly wear diapers unnecessarily. If they serve dementia elderly, they might impatient easily. Furthermore, when they serve the people that swear at them, again and again, they might be retorted. 4.This study demonstrates that psychological abuse of the elderly are common among in Taiwan, four clusters of risk factors, including residential settings caregivers’ characteristics and their working stress, elderly characteristics, the environment of the residential settings have been considered. According to the findings and conclusions, this study has suggestions for policy, practice, and further research.

參考文獻


許佩蓉、張俊喜、林靜宜、林壽惠、李世代(2006)。機構式長期照護綜論。台灣老年醫學雜誌,1(4),198-215。
台中市政府社會局(2012)。臺中市老人長期照顧、養護及安養機構工作人員。社會福利統計資料。取自於:http://www.society.taichung.gov.tw/form/index.asp?Parser =3,10,259,38
內政部社會司(2001)。中華民國老人福利推動聯盟,行政院內政部社會司。取自於:http://www.oldpeople.org.tw/Default.asp。
內政部社會司(2007)。老人福利,老人福利機構設立標準。取自於:http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/04/02/02_3.htm。
內政部統計處(2007)。96年10月底老人長期照護、養護及安養機構概況。內政統計通報。取自於:sowf.moi.gov.tw/stat/week/week9710.doc。

延伸閱讀