數位教材之教學代理人設計研究

A Study on the Design of Pedagogical Agents of e-Learning Courseware

張純瑋(Chun-Wei Zhang)

指導教授 ： 陳明溥

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/資訊教育學系/碩士(2007年)

摘要

本研究旨在依據數位教材及教學代理人的相關文獻，發展教學代理人設計的評估工具，並藉由專家意見與實際評估教材個案，來確認評估架構的可行性，最後以評估架構及教材個案評估結果，作為數位教材設計者在發展數位教材之教學代理人的設計規準。研究樣本為數位教材個案共四件，依教學代理人設計的機制分為瀏覽式、教學式、模擬式、及情境式；而教學代理人評估架構，依設計重點分為教學設計(教材呈現、教學引導及評量與回饋)、技術支援(媒體呈現、介面設計及學習導引)、社會呈現(形貌語言、社會互動及社會角色)三面向及九項評估準則。
研究結果發現：(1)教學代理人設計的評估準則重要性排序依次為教學引導、學習導引、教材呈現、評量與回饋、介面設計、社會角色、媒體呈現、社會互動、形貌語言。(2)教學代理人設計評估架構具可行性；(3)教材個案之教學代理人評估結果具中等水準，但與專家對於教學代理人評估準則重要性的看法有所落差；(4)教學代理人設計機制與評估準則關係如下：教學代理人扮演教學者角色，對於教學代理人設計品質有正面的影響；提供解釋性回饋，能使教學代理人在評量與回饋設計上獲得較高的評價；提供適切的學習導引及完善的課程版面操作，能使教學代理人在學習導引設計上獲得較高的評價；強調擬人化效果，能使教學代理人在形貌語言設計上獲得較高的評價；提供同儕楷模、言語激勵與臉部表情回應，能使教學代理人在社會互動設計上獲得較高的評價。

關鍵字

數位教材 ； 教學代理人 ； 評估工具

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to develop and verify the feasibility of an evaluation instrument for the design of pedagogical agent, and to provide guidelines for e-Learning courseware design. The study was developed based on literature review, and questionnaires were adopted for the evaluation of e-Learning courseware. The four courseware evaluated in this study were identified as the browser-based agent, instruction-based agent, simulation-based agent and scenario-based agent based on the design mechanism of pedagogical agent. There were a total of three dimensions and nine sub-criteria in the evaluation framework including instructional design (presentation, instructional guidance, assessment & feedback), technological support (media, interface design, navigation) and social presence (physical cues & language, social interaction, social role).
The results showed that (1) the importance of criteria were ordered as instructional guidance, navigation, presentation, assessment and feedback, interface design, social role, media, social interaction, physical cues and language; (2) the evaluation framework was feasible through investigation; (3) the evaluation revealed that the quality of the four pedagogical agents was acceptable but there was a gap toward the performance evaluation among experts. Finally, it was suggested that the design of an pedagogical agent should provide explanatory feedback and adaptive navigation for enhanceing evaluation and navigation, emphasize persona effect to improve physical cues and language, and provide peer model, motivational comments, and facial expressions to enrich social interactions.

並列關鍵字

e-Learning courseware ； pedagogical agent ； evaluation instrument

參考文獻

賴阿福(2004)。數位化教學與學習環境之變革。國教新知，51(1)。19-32。

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