成人完美主義、孝道信念與心理健康之相關研究

The Relationships among Perfectionism, Filial Piety and Mental Health of Adults in Taiwan

黃瓊慧(Chiung-Hui Huang)

指導教授 ： 林世華

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育心理與輔導學系/碩士(2010年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討不同背景變項之成人在完美主義、孝道信念與心理健康之間的關係。本研究採便利抽樣，以滾雪球方式邀請422名台灣地區20至60歲成年男女為研究對象，研究採問卷調查法進行資料蒐集，所使用的研究工具包括「幾近完美量表中文版」、「雙元孝道信念量表」與「一般健康量表」，調查所得資料分別以多變項變異數分析、積差相關、典型相關之統計方法進行處理。本研究結果如下：

　　1.在背景變項與完美主義、孝道信念的差異情形上：教育程度與職業社經地位偏低之成人多認為自己的表現成就與標準期待之間有所落差，較重視認同權威性孝道信念。

　　2.在完美主義與心理健康的相關上：越高的落差感就越容易出現身體症狀、焦慮與失眠症、社會功能障礙與嚴重憂鬱症等心理健康問題；越高的高標準與落差感就越容易出現焦慮與失眠症及社會功能障礙之心理健康問題。

　　3.在孝道信念與心理健康的相關上：越認同相互性孝道信念與越不重視權威性孝道信念，就越少出現嚴重憂鬱症的心理健康問題。

　　4.在完美主義與孝道信念的關係上：越高之高標準、井井有條與落差感時，即個體的不適應性完美主義傾向越高時，同時也表示越重視相互性孝道信念與權威性孝道信念；越高之高標準、及越低之落差感時，同時也表示越重視相互性孝道信念與越不重視權威性孝道信念。

　　5.在完美主義、孝道信念與心理健康的關係上：越高之落差感與及越不重視相互性孝道信念時，就越容易出現身體症狀、焦慮與失眠症、社會功能障礙與嚴重憂鬱症等心理健康問題；越高之高標準、越認同相互性孝道信念與越不重視權威性孝道信念時，就越容易出現身體症狀、焦慮與失眠症、社會功能障礙等心理健康問題。

　　最後，研究者根據本研究結果加以討論，形成結論並提出應用於諮商輔導工作上以及未來研究方向之建議，以作為未來研究之參考。

關鍵字

完美主義 ； 孝道信念 ； 心理健康 ； 社經地位 ； 成人

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among perfectionism, filial piety and mental health for adults in Taiwan. The research recruited 422 adults in Taiwan. The instruments used in this study were " the Chinese version of the Almost Perfect Scale-Revised ", “Dual Filial Piety Scale” and "General Health Scale". Data obtained in this study were analyzed using MANOVAs, Pearson’s product-moment correlation, canonical correlation analysis. The main findings are as follows:
1.Education and social-economic status were examined on their differences on perfectionism and on filial piety. The results indicated that groups of education and groups of social-economic status were different in “discrepancy” and in “authoritarian filial piety”.

2.Perfectionism was significantly correlated with mental health. Two canonical correlation structures between perfectionism and mental health were found. The major one was that the more discrepancy the adults experienced, the worse mental health they would have.

3.Filial piety was significantly correlated with mental health. There was one canonical correlation structure between filial piety and mental health. The adults, who valued higher in “reciprocal filial piety” and lower in “authoritarian filial piety”, showed better mental health.

4.Perfectionism was significantly correlated with filial piety. Two canonical correlation structures between perfectionism and filial piety were found. The major one was that the adults, who held more in “maladaptive perfectionism”, valued higher in “reciprocal filial piety” and in “authoritarian filial piety”.

5.Perfectionism and filial piety were significantly correlated with mental health. There were two canonical correlation structures. The major one was that the adults, who experienced more in “discrepancy” and valued lower in “reciprocal filial piety”, showed worse mental health.

Based on the results, implication of the study for counseling and guidance and suggestion for the future research were proposed as well.

並列關鍵字

Perfectionism ； Filial Piety ； Mental Health ； Social-Economic Status ； Adults

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