澎湖地區居民知覺環境因素和自我效能與身體活動之相關研究

The Relationships of Perceived Environmental Factors and Self-efficacy to Physical Activity in Peng-hu Residents.

劉明道(Ming-Tao Liu)

指導教授 ： 季力康

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本研究旨在瞭解澎湖地區居民參與身體活動的現況，並探討環境因素和自我效能與身體活動之相關情形。研究採分層隨機抽樣方式，以自編結構式問卷為工具，有效問卷共計395份。所得資料以皮爾遜積差相關、變異數分析以及階層迴歸分析進行統計分析。研究結果發現如下：一、澎湖地區居民身體活動項目以「走路」、「家事」以及「跑步」最為普遍；計入家事活動量，女性身體活動量高於男性，但排除家事活動量，男性身體活動量高於女性；城市地區居民身體活動量高於鄉村與特殊偏遠地區。二、環境因素設施的可近性、活動的機會以及天氣與身體活動呈正相關；自我效能與身體活動亦呈正相關。三、控制人口變項與社經地位後，環境因素對身體活動具有顯著的預測力，其中以設施的可近性與天氣是主要預測因素；自我效能對身體活動亦具有預測力。本研究發現設施的可近性、活動的機會、天氣與自我效能是身體活動重要的影響因素。

關鍵字

身體活動量 ； 環境因素 ； 生態模式 ； 自我效能

並列摘要

The aim of this study was two-fold, first, to understand the current situation of the Peng-hu residents’ participation in physical activity, second, to examine the relationships between perceived environmental factors, self-efficacy, and physical activity. A survey with structured questionnaires was administered to 395 Peng-hu residents by using stratified cluster random sampling. The data was analyzed by using Pearson correlations, ANOVA, and hierarchical regression analysis. The findings of the study were as follows: (1) The most popular physical activities were walking, housework, and running. Females reported greater physical activity level than males when housework was included. Urban residents reported greater physical activity level than rural residents and remote island residents. (2) With respect to the correlations between perceived environmental factors and physical activity, accessibility of facilities, opportunities for physical activity, and weather were positively related to physical activity. In accord with the previous studies, self-efficacy also positively correlated with physical activity. (3) After controlling the demographic factors and socioeconomic status, accessibility of facilities, weather, and self-efficacy significantly predicted physical activity.

並列關鍵字

physical activity ； perceived environmental factors ； ecological model ； self-efficacy

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