水中有氧課程對女大學生心理健康之效益

The Benefits of Water Aerobics on the Mental Health of Female College Students

蔡韶芹(Shoa-Chin Tsai)

指導教授 ： 闕月清

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(2012年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討水中有氧課程對女大學生心理健康的效益，並且進一步探討水中有氧課程影響心理健康之原因。本研究對象為臺北某大學選修水中有氧並實際參與課程達8次以上的女大學生，學期中進行每週一次，每次60分鐘之水中有氧課程介入，研究參與者共18位，平均年齡20 ± 0.8歲。本研究以質量並重的設計蒐集資料，量化資料採單組前後測之實驗設計，以成人心理健康量表(Adult Mental Health Scale, AMHS)前後測分數行相依樣本 t考驗；質性資料則以研究參與教師教學教案、研究參與者學習日誌、訪談記錄、課堂錄影資料進行分析。本研究的發現有三：（一）水中有氧課程對女大學生成人心理健康量表之前後測無差異；（二）水中有氧課程對女大學生心理健康之質性資料顯示，生理層面、心理層面及社會層面皆有所助益。生理層面能協助研究參與者放鬆身體，漸少疲勞程度及改善精神狀況等；心理層面能協助研究參與者舒緩壓力、放鬆心情，忘卻負面情緒並提升正面情緒；社會層面則能協助研究參與者拓展交友圈並輕鬆互動；（三）水中有氧課程對學生心理健康影響之因素主要來自於規律運動、教師熱情的教學風格、互動式課程設計、良好學習環境級等。基於上述發現，建議有三：（一）水中有氧教師之課程設計可更多元化，持活潑教學方式，鼓勵學生參與課程之興趣，與延續運動習慣；（二）研究的運動課程介入時間延長；（三）針對不同性別、不同年齡層與不同水深等變項進行研究。

關鍵字

水中有氧 ； 心理健康 ； 運動介入 ； 運動效益

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of water aerobics classes on the mental health of female colleague students, and to further explore the factors affect their mental health. The participants were 18 female college students, average age 20 ± 0.8 years, from a University in Taipei who enrolled in an elective water aerobics course. They participated more than eight times during the course, once a week, and 60 minutes per session. Quality and quantity design research methods were used. Single group pretest and posttest experimental design was used to collect data and analyzed by paired samples t test, α = .05; Qualitative data included the teaching lesson plans, participants learning log, interview, and videotaping of the lessons. The findings of this study were: (a) There were no difference between pretest and posttest on the Adult Mental Health Scale (AMHS) of female students; (b) In qualitative data, water aerobics classes were found beneficial for female college student mental health, in physiological, psychological and social dimensions. At physiological level: participants were more relax, became less fatigue and improved mental condition; At psychological level: participants were found had less pressure, negative emotions and enhanced positive emotions; At social level: participants had more friends and better interaction; (c) The main factors affected participant’s mental health were regular exercise, enthusiastic teaching style of the teacher interactive curriculum design, and good learning environment. Based on these findings, it is recommended that: (a) The water aerobics curriculum design should be more diverse, with lively teaching methods, and encourage students to be active participants and cultivate regular exercise habits; (b)The exercise intervention time should be longer; (c) To further study with other variables such as different genders , ages, and different water depths.

並列關鍵字

water aerobics ； mental health ； exercise intervention ； benefits of exercise

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