新竹縣森林療癒與地方創生之探討-以大山背及白蘭部落為例

臺灣面臨嚴重的人口高齡化、少子化等問題，加上許多地方鄉鎮的人口外流嚴重，這些人口大量湧入都市，使得城鄉發展愈趨失衡。為緩解這些問題，推動地方創生是近年來許多地方鄉鎮的發展重點。臺灣有許多山村就存在上述發展危機，被歸類為地方創生優先推動區，利用在地資源來推動地方創生便成為不少山村的發展方向。另一方面，都市的生活壓力與工作壓力讓人們需要紓壓的管道，許多人選擇離開都市到森林中放鬆身心，因為森林具有療癒的效果，過去也有許多研究已經證實森林療癒具有促進人體生心理健康之功效。此外，森林療癒也能夠提升社會福祉，日本有許多山村透過森林療癒來振興地方、進行地方創生，並且有不錯的成果。臺灣與日本一樣都擁有豐富的森林，國內目前也正在發展森林療癒當中，然而，是否能透過森林療癒來幫助這些具備豐富森林資源的山村推動地方創生，目前國內仍然缺少相關研究。因此，本研究挑選新竹縣橫山鄉大山背與五峰鄉白蘭部落兩處山村為研究場域，藉由參與觀察、深度訪談及SWOT分析等方法，分析兩處山村發展地方創生的優勢、劣勢、機會與威脅，並提出策略規劃。同時也根據訪談結果，探討兩地居民對於推動森林療癒與地方創生的態度、認知、現況、挑戰等，並據此提出相關建議以供我國未來推動森林療癒與地方創生的參考。

關鍵字

森林療癒；地方創生； SWOT分析

並列摘要

Taiwan is now facing serious problems, such as population aging and declining birth rate. Worse still, the problem of people moving out of local townships is becoming more and more serious. These people mainly flooded into some big cities, making urban and rural development increasingly unbalanced. In order to alleviate these problems, promoting regional revitalization has been the development focus of many local townships in recent years. Many mountain villages in Taiwan suffer from the above-mentioned development crisis and are being classified as priority areas for promoting regional revitalization. Using local resources to promote regional revitalization has become the development direction in many mountain villages. On the other hand, the pressure of life and work in city pushes people to find a way to relieve the stress. Many people choose to step out of the city and relax themselves in the forest, for the forest always has a healing effect. In the past, many studies have confirmed that forest therapy can promote human health. Besides, forest therapy can also improve social well-being. Many mountain villages in Japan have used forest therapy to revitalize and recreate local areas, and they all enjoy positive results. Taiwan, like Japan, is rich in forest resources, and the country is currently developing forest therapy. However, whether forest therapy can help these mountain villages with abundant forest resources promote regional revitalization still lacks relevant research in Taiwan. Therefore, this study selected two mountain villages, Dashanbei, Hengshan Township, Hsinchu County, and Paskwaran Tribe, Wufeng Township, as the area for study. By means of participant observation, in-depth interviews and SWOT analysis, we analyzed the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the development of the two mountain villages, and finally proposed strategies. At the same time, based on the results of the interview, the study also discussed the residents’ attitudes toward forest therapy and regional revitalization. What’s more, according to this, we put forward relevant suggestions in reference to the future promotion of forest therapy and regional revitalization in Taiwan.