從政策評估檢視社區照顧關懷據點之運作功能-以新北市為例

Examining the Operational Functions of Community Care Sites in View of Policy Evaluation: A Case Study of New Taipei City

林靄伶(AI-LING LIN)

指導教授 ： 林淑馨

國立臺北大學/公共事務學院/公共行政暨政策學系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

本研究試圖以公行領域視角從政策面探討組織運作，釐清社區照顧關懷據點政策在長照領域之定位，並將該政策所評估之成效反饋至據點及政府。再者，透過文獻分析法及深度訪談法，了解目前關懷據點在的運作功能及面對之困境，並檢視既有研究成果及政策評估理論，建構出適合關懷據點政策的評估指標，進而與訪談結果進行對照，以對據點的運作功能進行評估。
主要研究發現在於以政策評估檢視關懷據點達成政策目標之程度得知，據點在運作上具備效能性、公平性，以及回應性，由社區民眾參與據點服務的過程，能夠達到社區參與以及普遍化提供老人福利服務之政策目標。惟在專業性及自主性上較為不足，據點對於專業的認知較少，且缺乏專業人力編組會導致組織結構較為鬆散，自主性則受到領導者資源網絡之限制，因此領導者的更替會影響據點之存續。
總體而言，社區照顧關懷據點之政策實為長期照顧政策中相當重要之一環，能夠發揮在地能量使得社區中高齡者能夠在地就養，而達到社區長期照顧之成效。惟目前據點政策之承辦單位相當多元，社區發展協會作為關懷據點最主要之承辦單位，原先角色多為配合政府政策之執行單位，然而，關懷據點政策並非如同政府其他短期性的宣導政策以產生示範效果為主，而是需要一定組織架構及穩定資源作為推動據點業務之基礎，故社區發展協會目前之運作仍面對若干問題，如人力專業性之不足、缺乏完整組織編組、政治力干擾等等可能會影響據點的永續運作。

關鍵字

社區照顧關懷據點 ； 政策評估 ； 社區參與

並列摘要

The study tries to exam the operational functions of community care sites in view of public administration and clarifies the policy of community care sites positioned in the field of long-term care, and to assess the effectiveness of the feedback to the policy positions and the government. Furthermore, through literature analysis and in-depth interviews methods to understand the current concern sites in the face of difficulties and operational functions, and review existing research results and policy evaluation theory, construct evaluation index for community care sites, and then interviews the results were compared to the operational functions of the base for evaluation.
The main findings concern using policy evaluation to exam the extent of the sites that achieve policy objectives. Sites have effectiveness, fairness, and responsiveness in the operation. The people in the community can involve in the service process of sites, to achieve policy objectives, including community participation and provide general welfare services for the elderly. However, sites in the professionalism and autonomy are more inadequate. There is less professional knowledge in sites, and the lack of professional human consist will lead to more loose organizational structure. Moreover, independent will be limited by leaders’ network resources, and therefore the leader of turnover will affect the surviving sites.
Overall, the policy of community care sites is the important part of the long-term care policies. The policy which can gather the power of communities so that elder people can be raise in their own communities to reach the long-term research. There are many units could undertake community care sites policy, and Community Development Association is the most one. It’s used to be the original role as a unit with the implementation of government policies. However, community care sites policy is not the short-term policy to have a demonstration effect, it requires a organizational structure and stable resources as a basis for promoting the operation of sites. Therefore, the operation of the Community Development Association is currently facing a number of issues, such as lack of professional manpower, the lack of complete organizational consist, political power interference and so may affect sustainable operations of sites.

參考文獻

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