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  • 學位論文

從IT產業升級過程中看台、韓國家機關角色之轉變

The role transfer of the state during the upgrade process in IT industry between Taiwan and South Korea

指導教授 : 張世賢
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摘要


1970年代台灣和其他東亞新興國家,包含南韓、新加坡及香港等,亮眼的經濟表現使原本的國際政治經濟學主流,現代化理論和依賴理論在東亞地區的適用性開始遭到質疑。可是,隨著民主化的到來發展型國家模式的基石:國家機關,其領導角色開始遭受到挑戰。這也意味著台灣與南韓的政治、經濟也勢必面臨到轉型的問題。本文的研究目的是以兩國的IT產業政策為觀察焦點,並探討國家能力對於IT產業升級是否會產生關鍵的影響,進而比較分析台、韓在IT產業升級之成果與差距。最後,再從比較其中的結果進行歸納差異並得出結論與建議,以期台灣的IT產業能夠永續發展。 本論文以Evans對國家機關在與企業的鑲嵌過程中所扮演的四種角色,分析台、韓在IT產業升級的過程中國家機關角色的轉換。研究期間則是以1987年民主化為起點,中間點分別以第一次政黨輪替為基準,劃分出兩大階段來進行比較。從IT產業升級的過程中來分析國家機關角色的強弱,及其變化過程。 研究發現,台灣在第一階段時期(1987~2000)仍保有高度的國家自主性與能力,因此在推動IT產業發展時仍相對順利。但是在第二階段時期,因為民主化已經到來,使得意識形態衝突瞬間爆發,讓國家角色呈現弱化,使IT產業升級停滯不前。反觀南韓,在國家遭受到大企業的侵蝕後,卻能適度調整自我角色,以合作、引導的方式替其IT產業的升級交出一張漂亮的成績單,並已經走向創新的知識經濟,提高自我的生產價值。 結論認為,台灣的國家機關應積極主動提升國家機關對於IT產業的當家主政者角色,加強與社會的鑲嵌關係;並妥善處理意識形態問題,消弭衝突。因此,台灣必須以建立IT產業王國為目標,有效取代政治上意識型態掛帥,凝聚國家向心力與企圖心。

並列摘要


International political economics mainstream, modernization theory and dependency theory were questioned, when Taiwan and other East Asian emerging economies, including South Korea, Singapore and Hong Kong, were emerging brisk economic performance in 1970s. With the advent of democracy, the leadership roles of the state were challenged. The purpose of this thesis focuses on the capacities of the state impacting the upgrade of the IT industry with comparative analysis between Taiwan and South Korea, and then makes concludes with recommendations to Taiwan's IT industry for sustainable development. The methods to study this thesis are used with Evans’s four roles and its transfer of the state, embedding in the enterprises during the process of upgrading IT industry both in Taiwan and South Korea. This thesis marks the 1987 democratization as a starting point, and the first time of changing the ruling party respectively both in Taiwan and South Korea as a intermediate point. The study finds that during the first stage (1987 to 2000) IT industry was promoted, because it still retain a high degree of national ownership and capacity in Taiwan. But during the second period, IT industry upgrading was stagnated, because of the weakening role of the state, while authoritarianism fainted, and the ideological conflict broke out. The thesis concludes that the national authorities in Taiwan should actively enhance the authorities of the state for the IT industry and husbandry in power, strengthen relations with mosaic society; and properly handle the issue of ideologies, to eliminate the conflict between them. Therefore, Taiwan must emphasize the establishment of a Kingdom of IT industry as its goal, and effectively replace conflict among political ideologies.

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