微型企業貸款線上信用評分機制研究

A Study of Online Credit Scoring Mechanism for Micro-Enterprises Loans

林孟宏(MENG-HUNG LIN)

指導教授 ： 施懿宸

國立臺北大學/商學院/國際財務金融碩士在職專班/碩士(2016年)

摘要

臺灣中小企業提供了大量就業機會，故也是為臺灣經濟發展之重要根基。企業在日常營運期間，也必須要有相當的資金進行週轉，此部分的資金除了透過個人借貸的方式，大部分還是希望經由銀行所提供的貸款來運用，而銀行貸款相關金融商品，相對於微型企業而言取得不易，除了因其本身的財務不透明而無法進行評價外，大部分還是因為規模較小且屬於人治的企業。
時至今日電子商務日益蓬勃發展，大部分企業無不藉此一趨勢加以利用，希望將大部分的採購及銷售行為，委由銷售平台所提供的資訊流、物流與金流進行整合，除了減少相關的人力成本外，也因此增加營收、商品推廣與商品銷售速度。除此之外，金融相關產業在此時也紛紛提出Bank 3.0、發展互聯網金融等口號，無非是希望藉此將傳統金融產品逐步進行轉型。
本研究希望以既有銀行放款評分機制所參考因子為基礎，並利用微型企業透過銷售平台在互聯網上銷售行為，另蒐集可供使用的參考因子，進行歸納整理後，再透過問卷方式對微型企業與銀行端進行訪談，最後探討所有可使用的參考因子對於兩者間，分別針對是否貸款、利率及額度面的影響，看是否可因此提供銀行在授信衡量時取得較為完整的信用評等，進而提升銀行撥貸比率，讓大多數的線上銷售微型企業，可因此較易取得營運所需資金，使得微型企業、銀行及銷售平台都可因此互惠。

關鍵字

貸款 ； 信用評分 ； 微型企業

並列摘要

The SMEs of Taiwan provide a large number of jobs. It is also an important role for the economic development of Taiwan. In daily business during the operation, enterprises also must have working capital funds. These funds are not only from personal loans, but also through bank loans. But the bank loans related financial products are difficult for micro-enterprises to apply. In addition to its own financial process not clear and can not be evaluated. Most of that are due to the reason that smaller companies are belonged to the founders.
The e-commerce becomes more popular today, and drives most companies to use that. They hope to transfer most of the procurement and sales process to integration with information, logistics and cash flow of sales platform. In addition to reducing the labor costs and increase revenues, getting promotion and sell's speed. At this time, a lot of banks want to become type of Bank 3.0 and Internet banking. They just hope not only provide traditional financial, but also generate new financial product or business.
This study is based on bank's loans reference factor, and collects more factors from internet sales platform of micro-enterprises. Then through a questionnaire for micro-enterprises and bank client interviews, and finally to explore all factors that can be used for reference between the two parties. Finally to identify the effect of give/provide the loan or not, interest rate and the amount of loans. These maybe could help bank to provide more complete measure of credit rating when provide loans and then enhance the bank's loan-ratio. That will give funds easier for most of the online sale of micro-enterprises. Let micro-enterprises, banks and internet sales platform can win for each other.

並列關鍵字

credit scoring ； micro-enterprises ； loans

參考文獻

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7. 蔡宗志，中小企業違約因子與授信政策之探討，國立中央大學財務金融學系，2011年。

2. 陳采蓁、胡均立，金融機構對台灣中小企業融資之趨勢分析，中小企業發展季刊第29期，頁179-214，2013年。

6. 鄭光男，金融機構管理者對中小企業之放款決策探討，國立交通大學工業工程與管理學系，2009年。

參考書籍或網路資源