都市容積獎勵制度對設施容受力的影響

The Effects of Urban Floor Area Incentive on the Carrying Capacity of Public Facility

沈淑敏(Shu-Min Shen)

指導教授 ： 張容瑛 ； 黃書禮

國立臺北大學/公共事務學院/都市計劃研究所/碩士(2014年)

摘要

都市設施容受力，是基於地區發展需要，於都市計畫當中規定設置之實質基礎設施，所能容納的活動總量，此活動總量主要以容積作為界定方式。因此，設施容受力與都市容積之間的關係，理論上必須在一地區之都市計畫當中，進行全盤考量。然而，透過獎勵機制所額外增加之都市容積，若未受都市計畫之指導，對於設施容受力而言，則產生計畫以外的負荷量，對於都市實質環境，可能造成負面影響。因此，本研究以台北市與新北市為研究對象， 目的在於透過設施容受力的統計分析， 探討容積獎勵對於都市實質環境的影響，並就當前都市容積獎勵制度進行檢討，提供未來相關政策研議參考。
本研究首先彙整2002至2011年底間，新、舊市區之容積獎勵實施情形，觀察其對都市設施之負荷量所造成的影響。在設施容受力指標選擇方面，本研究透過文獻回顧，參酌既有相關研究，以「建築物的空間之占有度(樓地板占土地面積比)」與「維生基礎設施設計處理能力」作為評估指標，觀察公園、綠地、道路、供水負荷、污水處理、廢棄物處理等設施之負荷量變化情形，據以歸納容積獎勵制度所帶來的都市環境議題。接著，以台北大學特定區為實證個案，進一步就前述議題，進行較為深入討論分析。
研究結果發現，無論新市區或者舊市區的容積獎勵，皆已超出都市計畫的指導，就整個都市系統而言，已經造成污水及供水設施極大的負擔，特別是，嚴重影響污水處理設施所能容受之程度。就新市區而言，為了加速都市發展所提供之時程獎勵及規模獎勵，已經造成既有計畫道路設施額外的負荷量。舊市區，則以都市更新容積獎勵為主，對於既有服務水準已相對偏低的公園、綠地設施，進一步產生衝擊。歸結研究成果，本研究建議，應結合公共設施保留地、都市未開闢容積等相關議題考量，在都市整體動態發展的基礎上，將容積獎勵制度回歸都市計畫之引導， 配合地區之設施容受力分析， 決定容積獎勵之區位、內容及規模，刪除當前不必要的獎勵項目，並應納入民眾參與機制。

關鍵字

獎勵樓地板 ； 設施容受力 ； 容積獎勵

並列摘要

Urban Carrying Capacity of Public Facility is based on the need of region development, which building substantial infrastructures that accommodate the amount of activities in urban planning. Therefore, the amount of activities are defined by floor area ratio. Therefore, the relation between Carrying Capacity of Public Facility and urban floor area ratio should be considered wholly with a region of urban planning. However, the additional floor area ratio through incentive mechanism can cause unplanned loading capacity and negative impact for urban environment if it is not followed out the direction of urban planning. With the case study of Taipei and New Taipei city , the purpose of this study aims to explore floor area ratio preference effect to the urban environment and review the current floor area ratio preference system, providing related polices for reference.
First of all, we collected and organized the information about new and old urban districts of floor area incentive implementation during 2002-2011, examining the impact of loading capacity to public facility. The selection of service carrying capacity indicators through literature review analysis, we took “Possession of the space in the building (Floor area ratio occupied land)” and “Sustenance infrastructure design capacity” as the evaluation indicators to assess the change of carrying capacity to parks, green areas, roads, water supply, sewage treatment, and waste treatment.According to the above-mentioned, we concluded Floor Area Incentive system which caused urban environmental issues. Then, taking National Taipei University special district as case study, based on the above topics, we conducted a more in-depth discussion and analysis.
The results showed that all district’s Floor Area Incentive beyond the urban planning regulations have caused a great burden to urban sewage systems and water supply facilities, especially sewage system detrimental the most. For new urban district parts, increasing urban development which provided the duration and scale incentives has led to additional loading capacity of existing the plans road infrastructure. In contrast, old urban districts along with relative low service quality of plan parks and green areas would cause a great impact after implementing urban renewal floor area incentives. In conclusion, this study suggested that the public facilities should combine with urban unplanned volume issues and so on. On the basis of the dynamic development of the city, urban planning regulation should conclude floor area incentives system with analysis for regional carrying capacity of public facilities and floor area incentive of locations, content and scale; meanwhile, deleting current unnecessary incentive projects as well as including the public participation mechanisms.

並列關鍵字

Floor-to-area ratio bonus ； Carrying Capacity of Public Facility ； Floor Area Incentive

參考文獻

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