直流無刷馬達驅動系統於變動負載的設計與實現

Design and Implementation of Variable Loading Drive System for Brushless DC Motors

林豐文(Feng-wen Lin)

指導教授 ： 謝聰烈

崑山科技大學/工程學院/機械工程研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

本論文以數位信號處理器DSPIC30F4011為控制核心，進行直流無刷馬達驅動系統於變動負載上控制研究。一般馬達常遇到負載變動下不能在最佳運轉點運行，而普通開迴路定v/f速度控制，又容易受負載變動影響。因此控制策略上提出閉迴路積分比例(IP)控制法則與無衝擊轉換速度控制及互補式脈波寬度調變控制方法以進行直流無刷馬達的速度控制，藉此能降低系統響應的超越量及減少上升時間，在進行幾種不同情況下測試，如無載、加載、變動負載及拖帶防制，並估測調整出最佳參數值，以擁有強鍵平順的輸出轉矩與速度響應更快速，使驅動系統能獲得更佳的速度暫態響應與負載干擾消除能力，以達到負載變動時的速度安定性，經測試符合預期研究目標。此外，本論文以實際變動負載機裝載直流無刷馬達進行測試，再搭配Visual Basic(VB)軟體建構擬人化的人機介面，使用者可透過監控視窗監控馬達的動態運轉狀況，以利驗證本篇論文所提出方法的正確性及可行性。

關鍵字

數位訊號處理器 ； 直流無刷馬達驅動系統 ； 積分比例(IP)控制 ； 無衝擊轉換速度控制 ； 互補式脈波寬度調變

並列摘要

This thesis is based on digital signal processor, DSPIC30F4011, as core control that researches on brushless DC motors’ load variance control. Conventional motor often does not have the best performance under various loading conditions and set the v/f speed by open-loop control will be affected by load variance easily. Therefore, control system comes up with a strategy by using closed-loop integral-proportional (IP) control, Bumpless transfer speed control, and complementary pulse width trade flow to modulate brushless DC motor in order to decrease system reaction overshot and reaction time.
Testing several different conditions, such as no-load, applied load, various loads, and tow guard against system(拖帶防制) to obtain the best parameters after estimation and adjustment in order to achieve smooth and sturdiness output torque and faster speed response. These enable the driver to have better speed transient response and load interference clearance ability to achieve speed stability under load variance conditions. It has been proved and conforms to research expectation.
Furthermore, this thesis’s theory has tested with a practical various loading that installed with brushless DC motor and collocates with humanized design human-machine interaction interface written by Visual Basic (VB). User can observe motor’s performance through monitor to verify theory’s correctness and feasibility.

並列關鍵字

Digital Signal Processor ； Brushless DC Motor ； Integral-Proportional control ； Bumpless transfer speed control ； Complementary Pulse Width Modulation

參考文獻

[10]洪振傑，“切換式磁阻馬達驅動系統之強健速度控制設計與實現”，崑山科技大學電機工程系，碩士論文，92年6月。

[33]方永福，”以單晶片DSPIC30F4011 為核心之直流無刷馬達無衝擊轉換速度控制之研究”，崑山科技大學電機工程系，碩士論文，96年7月

[29]陳東進，“應用單晶片PIC16F877於三相感應馬達開迴路速度控制之研究”，崑山科技大學電機工程系，碩士論文，95年6月。

[23]H. E. Wang， C.F. Hu， S.Y. Li， and G. L Han，“Design and Application of Fuzzy Controller With PI Regulator Inposition Control System ,” IEEE Intelligent Control and Automation , Proceedings of the 4th World Congress on,vol 3, pp2537-2540, 2002.

[1]K. E. Addoweesh, W. Shepherd and L. N. Hulley, “Induction Motor Speed Control Using a Microprocessor-Based PWM Inverter,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol 36, No. 4, Nov. pp. 516-522, 1989.