摘要 領導者的領導行為對組織的成敗興衰扮演非常重要的角色,透過有效的領導行為能讓員工效忠及追隨,讓企業組織發揮最大的效能。因此,在組織行為領域中,領導行為相關的研究一直是受到關注的議題。而家長式領導是華人社會特有的領導型態,惟至今少有研究探討影響上司的家長式領導行為的因素為何。本研究以上司的個人信念、價值觀、及人格特質來推論對家長式領導行為各構面(威權領導、仁慈領導及德行領導)之影響,並以組配對的上司及部屬為問卷調查實證對象。本研究共發出400份配對樣本問卷(主管400份、部屬400份),有效回收配對問卷199份。 有效配對樣本的複迴歸分析結果顯示:(1)上司的人格特質--『信任傾向』對威權領導行為有顯著負向影響、對其仁慈領導行為與德行領導行為有顯著正向影響;(2)上司的價值觀--『道德成熟度』威權領導行為有顯著負向影響;(3)上司的信念--『人性假設傾向』對對威權領導行為有顯著正向影響;(4)上司的「倫理態度」對對威權領導行為有顯著負向影響,對仁慈領導行為及德行領導行為有顯著正向影響。最後研究者依據實證結果提出管理建議及後續研究建議。
Abstract The leadership behavior of supervisors is very important to organizations. Only effective leadership behaviors of supervisors can make subordinates to keep faith and follow, then organizations may achieve their goals and get the largest efficiency. Therefore, the research of leadership behaviors is the most interested issue in the field of organization behaviors.Paternalistic leadership is the unique leadership style in Chinese community or Asia, but until now only a few researchers to investigate what are the antecedents of the paternalistic leadership. In this article, the author will investigate how the supervisors’ characteristics, values and beliefs affect the construct of supervisors’ paternalistic leadership behaviors. It adopts questionnaire survey as a research method, using 199 dyads of supervisor and subordinate as a sample. Multiple regression analysis show that (1)supervisors’ propensity to trust have negative impact on authoritarianism leadership,but have positive impact on benevolence leadership and moral leadership; (2)supervisors’ moral maturity have negative impact on authoritarianism leadership; (3)superviors’ theory X have positive impact on authoritarianism leadership; (4) supervisors’ ethic attitude have negative impact on authoritarianism leadership,but have positive impact on benevolence leadership and moral leadership. Finally, suggestions for management and recommendations for future research are presented..
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