現今在各產業中供應鏈管理日益普遍,面對市場快速變化及全球化競爭之影響,企業必須擁有高度敏捷力,才能在激烈競爭且多變的環境下求生存。本研究之目的在於探討影響供應鏈敏捷力績效的關鍵準則。本研究以台灣上市上櫃消費性電子產業50家為研究對象,以混合多屬性決策模式分析供應鏈敏捷力之關鍵因素。 本研究先以相關文獻為基礎,藉由專家問卷的彙整供應鏈敏捷力之因素,以所得之重要因素,評估企業之敏捷力因素之重要性程度及績效表現,並進而考量因素間的相互影響關係,以有效分析這些因素對敏捷力績效表現的影響。首先,藉由模糊德爾菲法(Fuzzy Delphi Method, FDM)篩選敏捷力因素,並透過模糊理論,決定準則權重值及績效評估值,並利用決策實驗室分析法(Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory, DEMATEL)探討敏捷力因素間的相互影響關係,計算總權重矩陣。後續,運用灰關聯分析(Gray Relational Analysis, GRA)進行績效評估,並且透過其績效之排序值予以分類,作為約略集合理論(Rough Set Theory, RST)的決策變數,接著執行約略集合理論分析關鍵之敏捷力因素。 本研究得到以下結論:敏捷力績效表現最具關鍵之因素為:(1) 將成品裝運電子化,讓訂單完全出貨以及調整出貨水準、(2)即時顯示顧客需求量與生產量的差距)、(3)瞭解顧客需求,並滿足需求、(4)透過資訊系統有效管理物料、生產與倉儲、(5)與顧客擁有良好互動關係)、(6)發揮團隊合作精神與表現、(7)建立與供應商長期合作之夥伴關係,共七個關鍵敏捷力準則。其中(1)、(2)、(4)屬於資訊科技構面,顯示企業必需完善的利用資訊科技於供應鏈敏捷力管理,提升供應鏈敏捷力管理之高績效表現。 關鍵詞:敏捷力、模糊理論、模糊德爾菲、決策實驗室分析、灰關聯分析、約略集合理論
Supply chain management has become increasingly popular in every industry. In the face of the rapidly changing market and global competition, companies must have great agility, so as to survive in the highly competitive and volatile environment. The purpose of this study is to explore the key criteria that influence the performance of supply chain agility. In this study, fifty TSEC-listed and OTC-listed consumer electronics companies are selected as the research subjects, and the mixed multi-attribute decision-making mode is used to analyze the key factors in supply chain agility. This study was based on the relevant literature, and the factors of supply chain agility were compiled using expert questionnaire. The obtained important factors were used to assess the degree of importance and performance of enterprise's agility factors, and then the interactive relations among the factors were considered, to effectively analyze the impact of these factors on the performance of agility. First, the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) was used for agility factors screening. Second, the fuzzy theory was adopted to determine the weight values of criteria and the assessed values of performances. Next, the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) was used to explore the interactive relations among the factors, to calculate the total weight matrix. Then, the Gray Relational Analysis (GRA) was conducted to evaluate the performances, and the factors were classified according to their ranking by performances, to act as the decision variables in Rough Set Theory (RST). Finally, the key agility factors were analyzed based on the Rough Set Theory. This study concluded that the most critical factors in the performance of agility are as follows: (1) electronize the shipment of finished products, to allow the orders to complete shipments and adjust the shipping level; (2) display the gap between customer demand and production in real-time; (3) understand and meet customer requirement; (4) effectively manage materials, production and storage using information systems; (5) have a good interactive relationship with customers; (6) bring teamwork and performance into full play; (7) establish long-term cooperation partnership with suppliers. Among them, the (1), (2), and (4) belong to the information technology dimension, showing that companies must wisely use information technology for the management of supply chain agility, to improve the performance of the management of the supply chain agility. KEYWORDS:Agility, Fuzzy theory, Fuzzy Delphi Method, Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory , Gray Relational Analysis, Rough Set Theory
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