在全球化的潮流下,台灣的製造業在過去所具備的優勢逐漸消失,隨之而來的是低毛利、高競爭的時代。如今,企業為了在更多變的環境中維持競爭力,除了努力於供應鏈的整合之外,整個供應鏈系統必須具備快速回應各種不確定因素的能力。彈性乃是探討組織能夠迅速的回應不確定性變化之能力,是繼成本、品質之後,管理者所關注的焦點議題,亦是企業競爭力的重要指標。 然而,彈性無法量化便難以有效落實於企業的管理與改進,因此,本論文整合相關領域學者的觀點,建立供應鏈彈性衡量的架構,並以國內電源供應器產業,做為實例驗證的對象。在理論架構方面,以彈性領域學者的觀點為基礎,將彈性議題應用於供應鏈管理之中,建立供應鏈彈性衡量的架構,其中包含供應商、產品開發、製造、後勤與組織彈性等構面。本研究應用模糊邏輯的概念,將企業主管對彈性語意評估資料轉換為可量化之模糊數,並以模糊運算得到供應鏈彈性指標。本研究方法經實證研究證實,在供應鏈管理實務上,能克服供應鏈系統的彈性難以量化的問題。研究結果顯示,國內的電源供應器產業,彈性能力相當理想,其彈性表現是來自後勤管理、供應商整合與組織協調等方面的努力,在製造彈性方面,則尚有提升的空間。在企業的彈性評估結果中亦證實,企業在彈性能力的表現有助於績效的提升。
In the field of supply chain management, most researchers agree that supply chain flexibility (SCF) is not easily to quantify. Although considerable attention has been paid to the research issues related to uncertainty and flexibility, the literature of supply chain flexibility has only emerged slowly and in a more scattered way. The purpose of this study is to propose an approach for measuring SCF. This research integrates uncertainty and flexibility concept into the supply chain management and develops fuzzy set model for measuring SCF. A theory framework for SCF is constructed and divided as following five dimensions: supply, product development, manufacturing, logistic and organization flexibility. The method applied in this study is by using questionnaire, in which questions and statements with respect to supply chain flexibility issues are proposed to ask the participants to identify the importance of the evaluation criteria and their company’s flexibility performance. And, then, a mathematical model of fuzzy set theory is applied and developed for the evaluation of supply chain system flexibility. The empirical application in this study is the power supply manufacturing industry in Taiwan. The result shows that the SCF of Taiwanese power supply manufacturing industry has a very good flexibility performance which is generally based on logistic management, supplier integration and organization communication, whereas the dimension of manufacturing flexibility shows the lowest score in the five dimensions. It is hoped that this research could provide an empirical application of flexibility measurement to the companies and improve the efficacy of managing their supply chain.
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