水源中無機物含量對電解水產氫分析研究

Analysis of Inorganic Contents in Water Source Influence on Electrolyzed Hydrogen Production

廖俊明(Chun-Ming Liou)

指導教授 ： 黃得瑞 ； 藍兆禾

國立交通大學/光電學院/照明與能源光電研究所/碩士(2019年)

摘要

本研究的目的為在隨著氫能科技技術日漸成熟後，對於氫氣的需求也相對增加，而氫氣的來源可透過質子燃料電池(PEMFC)進行電解水產生，並對產氫效率做長時間的實驗。對於質子燃料電池而言，DI WATER為最理想的水源，可維持較好的產氫效率並延長其壽命。若能取用自然中容易取得的水源並對其進行的雜質與無機物進行簡易過濾後達到可行的效果，不僅能降低水源成本更能實現大量產氫之目的。
本實驗使用有雨水、自來水、台南安平之海水以及曾文溪(包含上、 中、下游)，以提供質子交換膜燃料電池進行長時間產氫實驗，並利用1um PP濾心與RO逆滲透膜進行過濾，將原水源與過濾後的產氫效率進行比較，實驗時間為100小時，實驗中以純水產氫量最高為28.779 ml/min為基準，其純水最終產氫量為27.703 ml/min，水源經過濾後，雨水最終產氫 效率為21.092 ml/min、自來水為19.649ml/min、曾文溪上中下游各為 17.854 ml/min、7.825 ml/min及4.725 ml/min、海水大約在實驗進行4600分鐘後產氫效率低於0.8 ml/min，後面兩組對燃料電池毒化程度較高，可行性不佳。
在產氫實驗後，將質子交換膜燃料電池通入DI WATER進行約 20小時的性能回復測試，純水產氫效率可回復至28.546 ml/min，而過濾後雨水產氫效率可回復至26.50ml/min、自來水為25.72 ml/min、曾文溪上中下游各為21.124 ml/min、16.861 ml/min及14.797ml/min、海水則可回復至 13.361ml/min，後面兩組對燃料電池毒化後回復程度較差，可行性不佳。
不同水源中所含的無機物含量不同，透過長時間產氫效率可觀察出無機物含量越高的水源其產氫效率則隨時間遞減越快，本論文利用電感耦合電漿質譜法(ICP-MS)分析出水源中有機物質含量經由RO膜的過濾後有降低的趨勢，並去探討其主要造成質子交換膜燃料電池毒化的無機物質。

關鍵字

質子交換膜燃料電池 ； 水源 ； 產氫 ； RO膜

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to increase the demand for hydrogen as hydrogen technology matures, and the source of hydrogen can be generated by provided through a proton exchange mode fuel cell (PEMFC) and has been tested for a long time hydrogen production experiment. DI WATER is the ideal source. If can use the water source that is easy to obtain in nature and simply filter it ,not only can reduce costs, but also achieve a large amount of hydrogen production.
This experiment uses rainwater, tap water, the sea of Tainan Anping and Zengwenxi (including upper, middle and lower reaches) to provide PEMFC for long-term hydrogen production experiments, and uses 1um PP filter and reverse osmosis membrane for filtration, Compare data before and after filtering, the experimental time is 100 hours, In the experiment, the amount of pure aquatic hydrogen was 28.779 ml/min as the benchmark, the final hydrogen production of pure water was 27.703 ml/min, and after filtering, the final hydrogen production efficiency of rainwater was 21.092 ml/ min, and the tap water was 19.649 ml/min, Zengwenxi upper and lower reaches of 17.854 ml/min、7.825 ml/min and 4.725 ml/min, sea water about 4600 minutes after less than 0.8 ml/min, the last two sets of data cannot be used in practice.
After the experiment, the PEMFC is connected to DI WATER for about 20 hours of performance response testing, the pure aquatic hydrogen efficiency can be returned to 28.546 ml/min, while the hydrogen production efficiency of filtered rainwater can be returned to 26.503 ml/min, tap water is 25.72 ml/min, Zeng wenxi upper and lower reaches of 21.124 ml/min, 16.861 ml/min and 14.797 ml/min, sea water can be returned to 13.361 ml/min.
In this paper, ICP-MS was used to analyze the decrease of organic matter content in water source after filtration through reverse osmosis membrane, and to explore the inorganic substances which mainly cause poisoning of PEMFC。

並列關鍵字

PEMFC ； Hydrogen

參考文獻

[1] Uniter Nations, Kyoto protocol to the united nations framework convention on climate change, Kyoto, 1998.

[2] Uniter Nations, Paris protocol to the united nations framework convention on climate change, NewYork, 2015.

[3] Gloria Lotha, Fuel Economy.gov - Fuel Cell, 1st, April 2018

[4] Carl-Jochen Winter, Joachim Nitsch, Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier: Technologies, Systems, Economy, 1st, Springer Science & Business Media, Germany, December 2012

[5] ManuelGötza, et al. "Renewable Power-to-Gas: A technological and economic review", Renewable Energy, vol.85, pp. 1371-1390, January 2016.