DIY屋頂循環型農園開發設計

循環型農園可促進永續發展及循環經濟，本研究因而延續研究群的DIY綠花園(DIYGreen)成果設計開發屋頂型循環型農園，首先開發構建循環型農園所需的回字循環蚯蚓養殖法、空中取水套件及可彈性擴充防蟲罩。回字循環蚯蚓養殖法乃是與專家及同學合作開發，用於消化生廚餘產生優質有機蚓肥供DIYGreen植物生長，已實證可易於取蚓肥；空中取水套件結合太陽能板及致冷晶片，雖成本仍高，但實測結果可取得預期水量彌補長期乾旱儲水不足；可移式及可卸式防蟲罩可搭配DIYGreen套件有效避免菜被蟲吃，種植出健康且漂亮的蔬菜。屋頂型循環型則開發了低維護種菜法、三種山式及一種攀藤式循環型農園，低維護種菜法顛覆傳統需要土地、澆水及施肥方能種菜，除了初期加水及蚓肥，生長期不太需要澆水也不必施肥及太多維護即可種出優質健康的蔬菜；山式以DIYGreen框型套件設計了A/B/C三種型式，增加垂直空間利用率及單雙層組合增加植物種植的多元性，雖A/B二種型式均可成功結合回字蚯蚓養殖法，但操作上較複雜，故本研究建議採用山C式；攀藤式則再增加垂直擴充藤架建立百香果香草園，進一步實證可增加種植多樣性，可供在屋頂生產零食物里程的安全且優質食物。本研究亦採用Arduino建立物聯網環境監測器系統，戶外以太陽能為電源供能，在Wi-Fi環境下監測農園空氣溫溼度及土壤溫溼度等變化，將資料傳輸至MySQL資料庫儲存，使照顧植栽更智慧且容易。

關鍵字

循環型農園； DIY綠花園；蚯蚓；蚓肥；空中取水；防蟲網；物聯網

並列摘要

Circular farms could support sustainable development and the circular economy. Based on previously developed DIYGreen kits, this study designed and developed a circular rooftop farm. A loop-based earthworm cultivating (LEC) method, an atmospheric water generator, and expandable anti-insect nets were first explored. The LEC method was developed in collaboration with an expert and a classmate to cultivate earthworms that feed on kitchen waste and produce nutrient-rich vermicast, which can be used as fertilizer to grow plants. Experiments confirmed that it is easy to obtain vermicast by the method. The atmospheric water generator was composed of a solar panel and a cooling device. Although we could not significantly reduce the cost of the generator, measurement results showed that it could generate sufficient quantities of water in sunshine dry weather. The portable and detachable anti-insect net can effectively protect the plants from insect predation. Several rooftop circular systems were developed and established, including a low maintenance vegetable planting (LMVP) method, three types (A, B, and C) of vertical structures, and a vine frame circular farm. The LMVP method, with minimal labor input for watering and fertilizer application, were proven to be able to grow high quality and healthy vegetables. All these structures could increase the area available for planting. The staggered single- and double-layer arrangement made it possible to cultivate a large variety of vegetables. However, although types A and B could successfully integrate the DIYGreen earthworm incubator, the operations were complex. Therefore, type C, for its compact size and planting variety, is recommended. The vine frame system was built to grow passion fruit and vanilla, and confirmed the versatility of the system. With the systems, safe and high quality food could be produced with zero food miles. This study also applied an Arduino platform to build an environmental monitoring system, it was powered by a solar panel. Under a Wi-Fi-enabled environment, the system could monitor ambient temperature and humidity as well as soil temperature and moisture for the rooftop circular farms. The data collected are sent to a MySQL database. The monitoring system could make farm care more intelligent.