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  • 學位論文

定水頭坡面入滲之實驗研究

An experimental study of ponding infiltration on sloping surface

指導教授 : 周憲德
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摘要


本文主要以理論及實驗探討定水頭狀態下,土壤入滲於水平面與坡面實際入滲情況之差異。本文之理論分析是假設坡面入滲符合一維Green-Ampt方程式,入滲方向為與坡面垂直之方向,此方向為入滲初期主要受毛細力影響時之方向,因此透過理論式可了解主要受毛細力主導之時期。 為配合Green-Ampt方程式之入滲性質(均質性且等向性),本研究採用Hele-Shaw模型實驗,且Hele-Shaw模型濕鋒內為飽和液體,可清楚判別及量測飽和濕鋒曲線;本文也針對實際土壤入滲情況做砂箱實驗,採用台灣九號砂來進行實驗,透過實驗不但能了解入滲變化過程,更可以與理論式之適用性做探討。 由實驗結果得知理論式之適用範圍為初期之入滲部分,對於長時間 入滲較不適用,因為入滲一段時間後會逐漸受到重力效應之影響,使得入滲方向偏移至重力方向,因此定義一參數式加以判別入滲受重力影響顯著之時期。

關鍵字

濕鋒 重力 毛細力 Green-Ampt方程式 入滲

並列摘要


The infiltration processes across both the horizontal plane and the sloping surface under ponding condition are experimentally examined in this study. The Green-Ampt equation proposed by Chen and Young(2006) is compared with experimental data.. In one-dimensional case, infiltration along the normal direction is mainly controlled by capillary forces. A Hele-Shaw model was established, which satisfies the condition of homogeneous and isotropic for the Green-Ampt assumption. The saturated wetting front depth can be measured with the Hele-Shaw model approach. On the other hand, a sand-box experiment was established to observe real infiltration cases. According to the experimental data, the Green-Ampt model is only applicable at the beginning stage. The deviations between Green-Ampt model and experimental results become obvious afterwards due to gravitational effect. A dimensionless parameter define the time factor between the influence of capillary force and the gravity is proposed in this study.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


蔡和倫(2010)。邊坡入滲與土體位移行為研究之大型試驗〔碩士論文,國立屏東科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2010.00262

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