我國新移民女性人數已達45萬人之多,為國內帶來新的潛在勞動力,使本研究興起探討有關於新移民女性在我國勞動參與的問題。本文欲瞭解新移民女性勞動參與的動機與影響因素;個人、配偶家庭與社會特質對新移民女性是否能勞動參與的影響;瞭解新移民女性獲得第一份穩定工作的影響因素。本研究使用質化研究方法,立意抽樣嘉義縣20名新移民女性包含來自越南11位、來自大陸7位和來自印尼2位進行深度訪談。 主要結果顯示:(一) 影響新移民女性勞動參與動機及意願之因素:在個人特質方面,隨著來台年數的增加,台灣的語言也較熟悉之後,提高了她們勞動參與的意願;在配偶家庭特質方面,配偶就業或收入情形不穩定,會提升新移民女性勞動參與的動機。(二)不同特質內的因素對新移民女性是否能勞動參與的影響:在三種特質中,配偶家庭特質對新移民女性的勞動參與產生的影響最大。(三)影響新移民女性獲得第一份穩定工作的因素:個人特質中的社會網絡和配偶家庭特質中的配偶家庭支持程度,最易影響新移民女性獲得穩定工作。多數的受訪者把照顧子女的需求擺在第一,子女的照顧養育對於她們是否能穩定的進行勞動參與是相當重要的影響因素。
Female immigrants have grown rapidly to 450,000 and become potential labor force in Taiwan. This research intends to detect influencing factors of female immigrants’ labor force participation intention and capability and obtaining first stable job. The method of in-depth interview with respect to 20 female (come from three countries) selected on purpose from Chiayi County. The main findings are the following: Concerning female immigrants’ labor force participation intention, more years of staying, proficiency of local language and spouse having unstable employment income usually promote female immigrants to have a higher labor force participation intention. Regarding female immigrants’ labor force participation capability, child-bearing responsibility and spouse’s support reveal significant though opposite influence. As for female immigrants’ experience obtaining their first stable job, female immigrants’ social network and spouse’s support reveal significant positive influence.