考慮倉庫限制、缺貨及數量折扣下之 生產與採購最佳化模式

The optimal models of production and purchasing with warehouse capacity, backordering, and quantity discount constraints

謝承杰(Hsieh, Cheng Jay)

指導教授 ： 陳明德

國立中正大學/管理學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

在現今的供應鏈環境中，企業無非追求成本極小化與利潤極大化，有效的倉庫管理成為至關重要。企業為了降低自身的庫存成本而發展出「寄銷存貨」的方式，一方面對於下游的零售商可以降低缺貨率，卻也造成倉庫容積的增加。另一方面缺貨過多會造成企業商譽受損，訂單下降致使企業獲利損失，因此必須有效地控制缺貨量。另一種方式為提供下游買家數量折扣的優惠，此方法除了降低自身的庫存成本，亦給予買方降低其採購成本。
本研究因應及時化的生產，將學者Kim與Ha(2003)的整合存貨模式延伸考慮到倉庫限制、缺貨及數量折扣的三種情況，以數學推導的方式建構出三種整合存貨模式，求解出生產/採購數量、運送次數、運送批量及缺貨量，並且對存貨模式進行數值的求解驗證，最後以數值分析方式探討相關參數對整合存貨模式的影響。

關鍵字

倉庫限制 ； 缺貨 ； 數量折扣 ； 整合模式

並列摘要

In today's supply chain environment, the enterprise has been pursuing cost minimization and profit maximization, the effective warehouse management become crucial. Since the stock-out causes the losses in sale and the reputation, enterprise are striving for cut down the stock-out. In order to trim inventory costs, sellers and buyers have developed a so-called "consignment inventory" that is kept in the downstream partners so as to reduce the stock-out rate. At the same time, it is inevitable to enlarge their warehouse to accommodate these stocks. Another way to reduce inventory level is to provide downstream buyers quantity discount. It may reduce buyers’ procurement costs while sellers may cut down their stocks.
In just-in-time production environment, this research extends the inventory integration model of Kim and Ha (2003) by taking into account the warehouse capacity, backordering, and the quantity discount constraints. For each extra consideration, the optimal production/procurement quantity, the number of delivery, delivery size, and the stock-out level can be obtained through the derivation of mathematical models. Then the effort is made to investigate the impact of relevant parameters on the system performance though the numerical analysis on several examples.

並列關鍵字

warehouse capacity constraint ； backordering ； quantity discount ； integrated model

參考文獻

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