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公務人員言論自由認知探討-台南市區公所為例

指導教授 : 廖坤榮
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摘要


言論自由為我國憲法明文所保障的權利,憲法第11條明定的人民有言論、講學、著作及出版之自由。現代民主社會,人民的基本權利常常與言論自由畫上等號;換而言之,言論自由就是民主的同義詞,相對於古代政府的嚴格管制實施,是導致民主封閉的主因。 公務人員作為一種具公共事業的職業,亦為人民之一部分,但為了達到行政中立,是否公務人員比一般人民限制較多?相對,政治性言論自由在社會生活中受到相當程度之重視,因身分特殊性的公務人員,導致發表敏感性話題時,引起社會和法律界十分關心及矚目之案例。 現在網際網路的發達、便利性、普遍性,網路的運用提供我們對跨文化瞭解的另一個管道,不管是臉書、無名小站等網路分享平台,這是一個無國界現象,也將使我們在網路上吸取各國文化精華,大眾皆可知悉資訊,不必限於報章雜誌,使得資訊的傳遞更加快速,也將公務人員言論自由公佈於大眾之下。且網路發表心得、抱怨文,為現行常見的網路內容,在現在環境中,要如何在公務人員言論自由保障與政府間,必須做出一個選擇,或達成一個平衡點? 本研究利用問卷調查方式,針對台南市37區公所為訪問對象,利用抽樣的方式,共得到345個有效樣本,併將運用SPSS統計系統,進行統計分析,分析結果:一個民主社會國家,政府性的言論表達或對公共事務的評論,必要的,其言論自由應該得到保障,但受官僚制度的影響,公務人員多數認為言論或發表言論是太天真或不切實際的一件事,處理有關言論事件,常常依人、事、物不同,所有差別,導致許多人認為,公務人員的身份,比企業人士更沒有言論自由可言。 本研究除了瞭解我國公務人員言論自由外,最後提出四點建議,以作為後續研究之參考,也期許公務人員政治性言論自由保障與限制之法規訂定趨於完善。

並列摘要


Freedom of speech guaranteed by our constitution. The constitution set out of 11 articles for all people have freedom of speech, teaching, writing and publication freedom. Fundamental rights of modern democratic society, the people often equate with freedom of expression in other words, Freedom of speech is synonymous with democracy. Also respect to the implementation of strict control of the ancient government so leading is the main point of the closure democracy. As a public servant with a career of public utilities is part of the people, but in order to achieve the political neutrality of public servants is more restricted than the general population. In contrast, freedom of speech is a considerable degree of political attention in the social life, because the identity of the special nature of public servants, leading to publish sensitive topic when aroused the attention of the legal profession and the case is very concern. Now a day internet developed, convenience and universality to use internet provides us another level of cross cultural understanding, which are Facebook, Wretch and other network sharing website, Which is a borderless phenomenon will enable us to draw upon the cultural essence of the internet, with the general public aware of the information, not necessarily limited to newspaper and magazine, making the transfer of information much quicker, Also freedom of speech will be posted on public servants under the public. Internet and published experience complains for the existing common web content, now in the environment, how to protect freedom of speech in the public service and inter-governmental must make a choice or try to achieve for balance. In this study, questionnaire survey, 37 of Tainan district office for access to the object, the use of sampling methods, 345 valid samples were obtained, and the use of SPSS statistical systems, statistical analysis and the results. Democratic society in the country of the government is the freedom of expression or comment on public affairs and necessary, it should be guaranteed freedom of speech, but by the influence of bureaucracy, civil servants most of that speech or speech is too naive or unrealistic one thing, dealing with remarks events, often by people and things different, all differences, resulting in many people believe that the identity of public officials, business people and more than no freedom of speech at all. In this study, in addition to our public servants to understand freedom of speech. The last four point proposal put forward to the follow up research as a reference, but expect public servants to protect freedom of expression and political restrictions and regulations set perfecting.

參考文獻


蔡佩蓉,2010,<公務人員之表現自由-以公務人員行政中立法為中心>,國立臺北大學法律研究所碩士論文
陳秋萍,2005,<論限制公務政治活動之合理範圍>,台北市國立臺南大學國家發展研究所碩士論文
林瑋翔,2012,<公務人員匿名發表政治性言論之限制─以范蘭欽事件為討論中心>,臺灣大學政治學系碩士論文
壹、中文部分
周世珍,2001,<公務人員保障制度之理論與實際>,國立臺北大學法學系所博士論文

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