應用嗜熱革節孢菌於巴西蘑菇之栽培

Application of Scytalidium thermophilum (Cooney et Emerson) Austwick on cultivation of Agaricus subrufescens Peck

朱峻成(Chun-Cheng Chu)

指導教授 ： 陳麗鈴 ； 梁文進

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/植物醫學系所/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2015.00241

摘要

土生菇蕈的主要栽培基質為堆肥，製作堆肥的過程中，堆肥微生物將複雜的有機物分解成較小的分子，而在高溫的環境下可適應的堆肥微生物，稱為堆肥嗜熱真菌。嗜熱革節孢菌 (Scytalidium thermophilum) 為菇蕈堆肥化過程中常見的堆肥嗜熱真菌，在堆肥的過程中，額外接種嗜熱革節孢菌可有效提升洋菇的菌絲生長速度以及子實體產量，以及降低氨氣濃度。本研究中測試盤固拉草堆肥在接種嗜熱革節孢菌液態菌種後，對盤固拉草理化性質及其可否提升巴西蘑菇 (Agaricus subrufescens) 產能之潛力。調查結果顯示嗜熱革節孢菌與巴西磨菇菌絲培養皿共同培養，嗜熱革節孢菌菌絲接觸到巴西蘑菇菌絲後，能有效提升巴西蘑菇菌絲生長速度。在含尿素之盤固拉草基質培養基上，嗜熱革節孢菌可降低尿素對巴西蘑菇菌絲生長的抑制作用。接種嗜熱革節孢菌之盤固拉草堆肥，有降低碳氮比 (C/N) ，鈣的含量及pH值之現象，該堆肥亦有促進巴西蘑菇菌絲生長。在堆肥化第14天以後接種嗜熱革節孢菌後醱酵4天之堆肥，可增加巴西蘑菇之產量。本研究成果，可以推薦將嗜熱革節孢菌接種於盤固拉草堆肥中，以生產安全之巴西蘑菇，並提高產能。

關鍵字

嗜熱革節孢菌 ； 盤固拉草堆肥 ； 巴西蘑菇栽培

並列摘要

Compost is the main cultivation medium for mushrooms. During composting, the microbes inside composting materials break down complex organic matters into smaller molecules to be used as nutrients for growth. The fungi that can thrive in the high temperature environment during composting are compost thermophilic fungi. Scytalidium thermophilum is a common thermophilic fungi found in the process of composting. It has been demonstrated that inoculating S. thermophilum composting during composting can effectively enhance mycelial growth and fruiting body yield of mushrooms. It can also significantly help to reduce detrimental effects of NH3 produced during composting. In this research, the effect of interaction between S. thermophilum and Agaricus subrufescens on myclial growth of both species were tested on agar plates with and without NH3, effect of inoculating pangolagrass composts with S. thermophilum liquid spawn on physical and chemical properties of the composts were studied, and the possibilities of enhancing A. subrufescens mycelial growth and fruiting body yield by the inoculation were tested. Results showed that mycelial growth of A. subrufescens in dual culture with S. thermophilum on pangolagrass sucrose agar increased after contact. The mycelial growth of A. subrufescens also was increased in media containing up to 0.05 % urea when in dual culture with S. thermophilum. Physical and chemical properties of pangolagrass compost with and without inoculation with S. thermophilum during the process of composting were analyzed. Results showed that C/N ratio, calcium content and pH values were lower in the composts with inoculation of S. thermophilum. Yield of fruiting body cultivated with pangolagrass compost inoculated with S. thermophilum at 14th day of composting was significantly higher than that of no inoculation. This study provided evidence for beneficial effects of inoculating compost with S. thermophilum and determined the best time to add S. thermophilum into compost, which can be used to enhance the yield of A. subrufescens fruiting body.

並列關鍵字

Scytalidium thermophilum ； pangolagrass compost ； Agaricus subrufescens Peck

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