以破乳化/化學氧化技術處理機械切削含油廢水之研究

Treatment of oily mechanical cutting wastewater by demulsification/chemical oxidation processes

趙怡鈞(Yi-Jyun Zhao)

指導教授 ： 黃國林

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2016年)

摘要

機械切削廠製程中衍生之廢水含礦物油、有機溶劑、防鏽劑、表面活性劑與油性染料等物質，因此該廢水中常有浮油甚至添加乳化劑產生之乳化現象，若未經妥善處理將對環境及生物造成嚴重之危害。因此本研究先以市售破乳劑破壞廢水乳化狀態之油脂，再分別以藥劑氧化法及臭氧(O3)氧化法進行氧化，並透過反應曲面法設計一系列試程以探討最適化之處理條件，再依最適化試程之進行活化Na2S2O8以提升處理效率。
結果顯示，廢水經破乳化後，以H2O2搭配三種氧化劑(Na2S2O8、ClO2與NaClO)進行複合式氧化的處理效率皆可達40%以上，相較於未破乳化試程之處理效率佳(34%)。另外，臭氧氧化試驗(O3與O3/H2O2氧化程序)結果顯示，O3氧化程序部分以添加3 g-O3/hr處理效率較佳(COD去除率 = 55.4%)，而O3/H2O2氧化程序部分以添加0.6 g-O3/hr 及5,000 ppm之H2O2處理效率較佳(COD去除率 = 41.8%)，且與2.2 g-O3/hr處理效率(COD去除率 = 42.5%)相近，顯示以少量O3劑量搭配H2O2能有效提升COD去除率。反應曲面法結果顯示，H2O2為主要影響廢水氧化處理之因子，最適化之試程為破乳劑、H2O2及Na2S2O8分別添加3%、7,000 ppm及3,000 ppm 時，COD處理效率能提升至53%，再以亞鐵離子進行活化後，COD處理效率能進一步提升至57%。比較兩種方法以亞鐵離子活化Na2S2O8後之COD處理效率可達57%，為ㄧ符合實廠處理之可行技術。

關鍵字

含油廢水 ； 破乳化 ； 化學氧化法 ； 反應曲面法

並列摘要

The wastewater from mechanical cutting manufacturing processes usually contains mineral oil, organic solvents, rust inhibitors, surfactants, oil dyes, and other substances, so it often has slicked oil and emulsification phenomenon and needs to be properly treated to avoid environmental pollution. In this study, a commercially available demulsifier was adopted to demulsify oily wastewater, and then oxidants and ozonation were used separately or together for the oxidation of demulsified wastewater. the response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the optimum conditions of the oxidation process, and then Na2S2O8 was activated under the obtained optimal conditions to improve treatment efficiency.
The results showed that after wastewater demulsification, the treatment efficiencies of demulsified wastewater using H2O2 together with one of three oxidizing agents (Na2S2O8, ClO2, and NaClO) exceeded 40%, greater than that (34%) without demulsification. In addition, the ozone oxidation reached a better COD removal (55.4%) at 3 g-O3/hr, while the O3/H2O2 oxidation process exhibited a better COD removal (41.8%) at 0.6 g-O3/hr and 5,000 ppm of H2O2, which was similar to that (42.5%) at 2.2 g-O3/hr. The results of RSM showed that the treatment efficiency of emulsified wastewater relied mainly on H2O2 dosage, and the optimal dosages of demulsifier H2O2, and Na2S2O8 were 3%, 7,000 ppm, and 3,000 ppm to obtain COD treatment efficiency = 53%. The COD treatment efficiency could be increased to 57%, when Fe(II) was also added to activate Na2S2O8. Accordingly, the process using Na2S2O8 with Fe(II) activation was technically feasible for COD treatment of the oily wastewater.

並列關鍵字

Oily wastewater ； Demulsifying ； Chemical Oxidation ； Response surface methodology

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