探討含高量黃豆粉飼料添加有機酸對龍膽石斑成長及營養素消化率之影響

Effects of dietary organic acid on growth and nutrient digestibility in giant grouper, Epinephelus lanceolatus, fed diets with high soybean meal

鄭名佑(Ming-Yu Cheng)

指導教授 ： 林鈺鴻

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/水產養殖系所/碩士(2016年)

摘要

本研究目的為探討含黃豆粉飼料添加丁酸(butyrate)及乳酸(lactate)等有機酸，對龍膽石斑(Epinephelus lanceolatus)成長表現、營養素消化率及腸道形態之影響。以含黃豆粉(取代40％魚粉蛋白)但未添加有機酸作為控制組飼料; 控制組飼料中添加0.5%及1%丁酸與1%及2%乳酸作為實驗組 ; 另以全魚粉飼料但不添加有機酸作為對照組。實驗飼料共計六組，每組三重複(魚隻初始重量：17.37 ± 0.18 g)，魚隻飼養於循環水養殖系統，進行為期8週之餵飼實驗。成長實驗結束後，以0.5%三氧化二鉻作為指示劑測定龍膽石斑營養素消化率。增重率以餵飼全魚粉對照飼料之石斑魚顯著高於(p ≦ 0.05)控制組，且對照組與1.0%丁酸組無顯著差異。控制組之肝臟硫代巴比妥酸反應物質(TBARS)顯著高於其餘各組。乾物、脂肪、銅、鋅及磷消化率以對照組、1.0%丁酸和1.0%乳酸組顯著高於控制組。餵食含黃豆粉飼料之控制組與對照組及1.0%丁酸組相比，控制組魚體腸道絨毛出現固有層擴大及上皮細胞層完整性不佳之現象。實驗結果證實，飼料中以黃豆粉取代40%魚粉蛋白後餵飼龍膽石斑，會對石斑魚生長、營養素消化及腸道形態產生不利影響。添加1.0%丁酸可改善黃豆粉取代魚粉蛋白之負面影響，包括保護腸道與改善營養素消化率。

關鍵字

龍膽石斑 ； 有機酸 ； 營養素消化率 ； 豆粉

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary organic acid (butyrate and lactate) supplementation on the growth, nutrient digestibility and intestinal histology of the giant grouper Epinephelus lanceolatus that was fed a diet containing soybean meal. The diet that included soybean meal, which replaced 40% fish meal protein, was used as the control. 0.5%, 1% butyrate and 1%, 2% lactate were added to the control diet to form the four experimental diets. Also, the all fish meal diet without organic acid supplementation was also included for comparison. A total of six experimental diets were each fed to three groups of giant grouper (initial wt: 17.37 ± 0.18 g) in a recirculating rearing system for 8 weeks. After the growth trial, the nutrient digestibility by the fish was determined by using 0.5% chromic oxide as an inert indicator. The fish fed the all fish meal diet gained more (p ≦ 0.05) weight gain than fish fed the control, and the comparison was no significant differences with 1% lactate. The hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) value was higher in the fish fed the control diet than that in other dietary treatments. Dry matter, lipid, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and phosphorus (P) digestibility were higher in fish fed the all fish meal diet, the 1% butyrate and lactate supplemented diets than the fish fed the control diet. The fish fed the control diet showed disordered lamina epithelialis and extended lamina propria comparing to the fish fed the all fish meal diet and 1% butyrate-diet. The results indicated that growth, nutrient digestibility and intestinal histology were adversely affected by replacement of the fish meal by soybean meal in giant grouper. The diet supplemented with 1% butyrate improved the negative effects for the fish, including protection of intestinal and improving nutrient digestibility.

並列關鍵字

Epinephelus lanceolatus ； Organic acid ； Nutrient digestibility ； Soybean meal

參考文獻

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