溴化前驅物於飛灰中對戴奧辛類化合物之形成效應研究

Research for the Brominated Precursor Effects on Dioxins Formation in Fly Ashes

簡愷佑(Kai-You Chien)

指導教授 ： 林傑

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2011.00159

摘要

溴化戴奧辛(PBDD/Fs)於環境中具有與PCDD/Fs相似之毒性及累積性，但幾乎無焚化排放源之資料。本研究探討PBDD/Fs於飛灰中溴化前驅物之轉化行為，於實驗室系統模擬飛灰於袋式集塵器濾餅上之形成效應。實驗飛灰中分別添加有機及無機型態之溴化前驅物，比較於飛灰中生成之PBDD/Fs差異，亦與文獻中之氯化前驅物對於PCDD/Fs生成比率進行比較，同時探討實驗分析之12種PBDD/Fs同源物種與加溴質量間之轉化程度，並以相同結構之PCDD/Fs毒性因子比對PBDD/Fs於實驗條件下衍生之毒性。研究結果顯示，飛灰在無添加溴源下，殘餘固相內PBDD/Fs仍有2.0×104 fg/g生成濃度；飛灰添加0.01 % HgBr2後，PBDD/Fs生成濃度約為2倍，飛灰添加0.2% PBP生成濃度則約為10000倍，同時添加 0.1% PBP及0.184% HgBr2後PBDD/Fs生成比率顯示並未發生加成效應；飛灰添加溴化前驅物後，OBDD為主要生成物質，而OBDF未增加，故推測實驗條件下產物不包括OBDF；尾端氣相PBDD/Fs生成方面則以HgBr2為主要催化前驅物；飛灰添加0.01% HgBr2後總毒性當量無增加，飛灰添加0.2%PBP後毒性當量約為2.7×103倍；以添加總質量之溴化前驅物比率為前提，PBP對PBDD/Fs轉化效應顯著，6種PBDDs同源物產生濃度遠大於PBDFs，PBDDs為主要產物。

關鍵字

飛灰 ； 溴化前驅物 ； 同源物 ； 溴化戴奧辛

並列摘要

PBDD/Fs reportedly have toxicities and persistence similar to PCDD/Fs and have been found in the environmental samples, but remain virtually undocumented from combustion sources. Experiments were conducted by adding the organic and/or inorganic bromide precursors with fly ashes in a packed bed reactor under real flue gas conditions to simulate the formation of PBDD/Fs in the filter cake zone. The results were compared with preliminary experiments of the chlorine precursors. Twelve congeners of PBDD/Fs were analyzed in this study and accounted for TEQ value by using the toxicity factors of the similar chemical structures of PCDD/Fs. The experimental results suggested that the extracted fly ash residue could have 20 pg/g of PBDD/Fs. It also indicated that the PBDD/Fs concentrations yield double amount by adding 0.01% HgBr2 into the fly ash and ten thousands times by adding 0.2% of pentabromophenol. However, the additive effect of pentabromophenol 0.1% and 0.184% HgBr2 onto PBDD/Fs formation did not happen in this study. The bromine precursor added has promoted the dominant formation of OBDD. But the formation of OBDF did not happen in the case of precursor experiments. HgBr2 added has significant effect on the formation of PBDD/Fs in the flu gas phase. TEQ value of PBDD/Fs was not changed by adding 0.01%HgBr2 in the fly ash. However, TEQ value of
IV
PBDD/Fs increased twenty seven hundreds times by adding 0.2% pentabromophenol in the fly ash. The analysis results indicate that adding pentabromophenol into the fly ash has significantly enhancement for the formation of PBDDs congeners rather than PBDFs congeners. It suggests that brominated precursors could cause the conversion of brominated dioxins.

並列關鍵字

Fly Ash ； Brominated Precursors ； Congeners ； PBDD/Fs

參考文獻

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