南台灣觀光夜市市集空氣中懸浮微粒之多環芳香烴化合物特徵

The Characteristics of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Suspended Particles in the Tourist Night Markets in Southern Taiwan

康崇豪(Chung-Hao Kang)

指導教授 ： 謝連德

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2014.00154

摘要

為了探討觀光夜市於夜市活動時段（夜間）與非夜市活動時段（日間），民眾可能接觸或暴露之懸浮微粒上所含多環芳香烴化合物之情形與特性。本研究選定南臺灣高屏地區三處重點觀光夜市（包括：高雄市區六合觀光夜市、屏東市區觀光夜市與瑞光夜市）進行研究。採樣時應用個人階梯衝擊式採樣器（Marple），進行日間與夜間之懸浮微粒採樣工作，採樣完成後，濾紙上懸浮微粒樣本先經索氏萃取、濃縮、淨化、再濃縮、吹拂等相關程序，再以GC/MS完成PAHs之定性與定量分析。
研究結果顯示：（1）Marple採樣器所採得微粒總質量濃度而言，日間與夜間平均總質量濃度範圍分別為116.19 ~ 140.95 μg/m3與187.15~ 273.15 μg/m3。（2）Marple採樣器採得微粒質量濃度，除了屏東和六合夜市夜間以可吸入性微粒較高，其他均以呼吸性微粒較多，佔總質量濃度35 ~ 49%，而微粒之粒徑分佈，主峰均位於粒徑14.8~21.3 μm。（3）Marple採樣器所採得微粒上PAHs濃度，日間與夜間平均總濃度範圍分別為630.36 ~ 892.19 ng/m3與602.46 ~ 1032.69 ng/m3。（4）三處觀光夜市日夜間PAHs濃度均是以呼吸性微粒較高，而微粒上PAHs均以五環為主要，高分子量PAHs為最高。（5）夜市作業人員和遊客之固相PAHs總暴露量分別為1301.31 ~ 2231.62 ng/d和162.66 ~ 278.83 ng/d。

關鍵字

個人階梯衝擊式採樣器 ； 油煙 ； 粒徑分佈 ； 多環芳香烴 ； 致癌性

並列摘要

Liouhe Tourist Night Market in Kaohsiung City, and Pingtung Tourist Night market, and Ruiguang Night Market in Pingtung City in Southern Taiwan were selected as samples to examine the circumstances under which polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are observed in suspended particles, the characteristics of the hydrocarbons, and the effects of the hydrocarbons on the public during the business hours （night） and non-business hours （day） of the night markets. Personal cascade impactors (Marple) were used for sampling the suspended particles during the day and during the night. After the sampling was completed, qualitative and quantitative analysis of PAHs in the suspended particles on filter paper were performed with GC/MS, through Soxhlet extraction, concentration, purification, re-concentration, blowing, and other related procedures.
　　Based on the results,the following observations were made for the particles collected using the Marple samplers: （1） the daytime average mass concentration range was 116.19 to 140.95 μg/m3 and the nighttime range was 187.15 to 273.15 μg/m3. （2） Pingtung and Liouhe Night Markets had a large number of inhalable particles; however, in all other markets, respirable particles were in a majority, accounting for 35% to 49% of the total mass concentration. All the peaks in the particle size distribution were located at 14.8 to 21.3 μm. （3） The daytime average particle PAHs concentration range was 630.36 to 892.19 ng/m3, and the nighttime range was 602.46 to 1032.69 ng/m3. （4） In the PAHs collected at the three tourist night markets, the number of respirable particles was high during both day and night. The particle PAHs showed a predominantly five-ring structure, with the highest to be the molecular weight PAHs. （5） The total exposure doses for the night market operators and tourists were 1301.31 to 2231.62 ng/d and 162.66 to 278.83 ng/d, respectively.

並列關鍵字

Marple ； Oil fume ； Size distribution ； Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons （PAHs） ； Carcinogenicity

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