音樂學習之心流經驗與學習成效之相關研究

A Relative Study Regarding the Flow Experience of Music Learning and Learning Efficiency in Elementary School

陳和昌(He-Chang Chen)

指導教授 ： 鍾鳳嬌

國立屏東科技大學/人文暨社會科學院/技職教育研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2014.00167

摘要

摘要：
本研究旨在探討屏東縣國小六年級學生於不同類型的音樂技能學習中，所產生的心流經驗與學習成效的現況及相關情形。「心流經驗」是Csikszentmihalyi在 1975 年提出，一種透過活動的投入，達到渾然忘我、全神貫注的心理狀態。本研究採問卷調查法，以屏東縣內埔國小六年級學生為研究對象，以「國小學童自我覺知心流經驗問卷」、「音樂學習成效評量表」 為工具進行資料蒐集，將資料分別以描述性統計、相依樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、多元迴歸等統計方法進行分析。

根據研究結果與發現，歸納本研究結論如下：
一、國小六年級學生於音樂技能學習中，會產生明顯之心流經驗，普遍來說「演唱」較「直笛演奏」為多。
二、國小六年級學生於音樂技能學習中，所感受的心流經驗各項特徵如:「立即回饋」、「明確的目標」、「技巧與挑戰平衡」、「意識與活動融合」有顯著的差異。
三、國小六年級學生於音樂技能學習中，所感受的心流經驗與學習成效有顯著的正相關。
四、心流經驗對於音樂技能學習成效的預測有很高的解釋量
本研究對音樂教學上的建議為：
一、設計具趣味性以及競爭挑戰性的教學活動。
二、建立良好的班級常規，讓音樂學習的心流經驗能夠很自然的流動。
三、建立同儕的團隊互助情境。
四、緊湊進行教材內容。
五、培養孩子自成目標的性格

關鍵字

心流經驗 ； 學習興趣 ； 音樂教學 ； 音樂學習 ； 學習成效

並列摘要

Abstract:
The main purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between flow experience and learning efficiency through various types of musical skills learning. Flow Experience, proposed by Csikszentmihalyi in 1975, is through involving in activities to achieve a devoted and concentrated state of mind. This study adopted the questionnaire survey, targeting students of grade 6 of Neipu elementary school in Pingtung County; trying to examine the differences and relationship of flow experience and learning efficiency by comparing students’ learning process of Singing and Recorder play. Collecting data are based on evaluation chart of musical learning effect and flow experience questionnaire of primary students’ self-consciousness. The descriptive statistics, dependent-sample T test, one-way Anova, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple regression analysis were adopted to analyze the data. The research results were described as follows.
1. During the music learning process, students have significant influence of flow experience. Generally speaking, students’ score of flow experience in the Singing course has higher effects than the Recorder play course for sixth grade students.
2. Students show a tremendous difference in the felling of various items of flow experience, such as immediate feedback, the balance of skills and challenge, as well as the fusion of consciousness and activity.
3. There is a significantly positive relationship between students’ score of flow experience and their learning efficiency in music course.
4. Students’ score of flow experience could predict significantly their learning efficiency in music course.
Some suggestions regarding musical teaching were provided in the final part.
1. Design the teaching activities that are full of interest, competition, and challenge.
2. In order to enhance students’ flow experiences, it is necessary to emphasize the rules of classroom.
3. Enhance student’s interaction through concept of team work.
4. Teaching process and content should be solid; the timing of teaching should be adopting precisely.
5. Cultivate students’ characteristics which are aggressive to fulfill their goals by themselves.

並列關鍵字

flow experience ； learning interest ； music teaching ； music learning ； learning efficiency

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