本研究利用文獻分析法探討武器獲得及軍售專案管理。探討專案管理有關的問題如下: 首先,以國際現勢為框架,搭配說明美國獲得武器之方式、效益分析及工業結構調整為背景;其次在武器生命週期屆限後,如何運用其剩餘價值(亦稱國防剩餘物資),轉為投資在國防創新工業上,並對於隨著武器汰除而失業之人員,落實社會福利照顧及輔導重新就業。另外以軍售武器接收國之成本預算角度探討,在武器生命週期內比較透過軍售獲得武器及自行研發生產武器之可能後勤支援成本或其他隱性支出。 結論顯示,採軍售方式獲得武器能在短時間內滿足國防軍備,且支出成本低,但將使國內軍事工業技術停滯,同時在武器生命週期中也增加後勤支援成本支出風險;採自行研發生產武器方式,在研發階段中固然有較多的風險因素,包括高研發隱性成本及難以完成而採停損方式結案,因此需要全面性專業風險評估,但卻能培養國內國防工業實力,在量產階段及正式服勤後,除可以較低的後勤支援支出維持,亦能在武器汰除後,創造剩餘價值。
This research uses a literature analysis method to explore the management of arms acquisitions, sales projects and cases. Related issues to cases management are discussed as follows: First, take the current international situation as a framework, and explain the way the United States obtains weapons, benefit & cost analysis and industrial restructuring as the background;Secondly, this research would like to discover how to utilize the surplus value of weapons (also known as national defense surplus materials) after the expiration of the life cycle of weapons to invest in innovative defense industries, and provide social welfare care and guidance for re-employment for those who have lost their jobs as weapons are eliminated. In addition, from the perspective of the cost budget of the countries receiving arms for arms sales, we compare the possible logistical support costs or other hidden expenses of weapons acquired through arms sales with self-developed and produced weapons during the life cycle of the weapons. The conclusion shows that weapons obtained by arms sales can meet national defense armaments in a short period of time, and the expenditure cost is low, but it will stagnate domestic military industrial technology, and at the same time increase the risk of logistics support costs in the life cycle of weapons; on the other hand, self-developed and produced weapons have many risk factors in the research and development stage, including high hidden costs of research and development and the difficulty of completing the case and closing the case with a stop-loss method. Therefore, a comprehensive professional risk assessment is required, but it can cultivate the strength of the domestic defense industry. Moreover, In the production stage and after the official service, in addition to maintaining a lower logistics support expenditure, it can also create residual value after the weapons are eliminated.
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