亞健康族群之功能性動作能力常模建置與健康促進

Norm Curves Construction and Health Improvement for the Functional Movement Capacity of Sub-healthy Adults

陳宜婷(YI-TING CHEN)

指導教授 ： 曾兆堂

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/工業工程與管理系/碩士(2020年)

摘要

台灣自2018年3月正式跨入「高齡社會」門檻後，根據國家科學委員會推估，我國將於2026年正式邁入「超高齡社會」。有鑒於此，行政院衛生福利部於2015年公開我國「高齡社會白皮書」，參考世界衛生組織(WHO)的「活力老化」(Active Aging)的概念，強調以「健康促進」為核心理念，以「增加健康年數」、「減少失能人口」為政策目標，來推動政府各項政策與措施。
功能性動作能力(FMC)呈現的是生活中完成任何單一或一系列動作的能力及其品質，其衰退是老化過程中較容易被忽略的部分，但卻是造成老人跌倒以致於無法「活力老化」的元凶。本研究以SMARC系統為FMC的評估與訓練工具，並藉由專家所開立運動處方箋，安排受測者於SMARC機台上定期規律運動，以促進其功能性動作能力。本研究主要目的有二：1. 建置亞健康族群之功能性動作能力的常模曲線；2. 評估SMARC系統對功能性動作健康促進的效益。透過常模曲線，屬於亞健康族群的受測者可以知悉自己功能性動作的相對表現水準；透過研究確認SMARC系統對功能性動作健康促進的效益，可以說服受測者積極參與SMARC的評估與訓練，有效促進自身健康。
本研究的第一部分除透過據點_S1(校內)與據點_S2(校外)共計337位亞健康族群首次接受SMARC評估者的評估結果，依性別分別各建立了「綜合評分」、「上肢功能」、「核心功能」、「下肢功能」、以及「全身協調與敏捷」等五大功能性動作能力的常模曲線。同時透過獨立樣本t檢定，確認兩據點男性或女性受測者在任何一項功能性動作能力的平均評分，在統計上都有顯著的差異(女性的上肢功能除外)，且校內受測者的各項平均評分均高於校外。
在本研究的第二部分，我們針對總共13名參與者進行了為期三個月的實驗。這些參與者中的每一個人都經過SMARC評估，並取得SMARC的運動處方箋。結果顯示依據SMARC評估所開立的運動處方進行的規律性訓練，訓練前、後所有參與者的五大功能性動作能力都有統計上顯著的進步，且身體各部位狀況不同、性別不同、以及訓練規律與否，在統計上均有足夠的證據顯示SMARC系統及其運動處方箋的效能亦有所不同。

關鍵字

功能性動作能力 ； 常模曲線 ； 亞健康族群 ； 健康促進 ； 統計分析

並列摘要

Since Taiwan officially entered the threshold of “Old Age Society” in March 2018, the National Science Council estimates by 2026, our country will officially enter "Super Senior Society". In awareness of this, the Ministry of Health and Welfare of the Executive Yuan published Taiwan's "White Paper on Old Age Society" in 2015, referring to the concept of "Active Aging" of the World Health Organization (WHO), and emphasizing on "health promotion" as the core concept, the policy objectives of "increasing the number of healthy years" and "reducing the disabled population" are used to promote various government policies and measures.
Functional Movement Capacity (FMC) presents the ability and quality of any single or series of movements in life and is often overlooked in the aging process, and is the main reason the elderly fails to "actively aging". SMARC is adopted by this study to assess the ability and quality of the participant's functional movement capability. Following the prescriptions issued by field experts after assessment, participants who regularly perform exercises on the SMARC machines can improve his/her functional movement capabilities. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is twofold. Firstly, to establish the norm curves of the functional movement capacity of the sub-healthy group. Secondly, to evaluate the effectiveness of the SMARC system in improving people’s functional movement capacity. Through the norm curves, the sub-healthy participants can recognize his/her functional movement capability in a relative way. Confirming via research the effectiveness of the SMARC system in improving functional movement capacity can convince sub-healthy groups to actively participate in the assessment and training of the SMARC system thus to effectively improve their own health.
In the first part of this study, we construct norm curves of five functional movement capabilities, that is "overall score", "upper body functional capability", "core functional capability", "lower body functional capability", and "full body coordination and agility,” from the first-time SMARC assessment results of the 337 sub-healthy participants, working either on-campus or off-campus. We also found that in addition to upper body functional capability, participants working on campus perform much better statistically than those working elsewhere in terms of functional movement capacity in all five categories.
In the second part of this study, we conduct an experiment lasting for three months on a total of 13 participants. Each of these participants go through the SMARC evaluation process, and are given a prescription on SMARC exercise. They are requested to regularly conduct exercises on SMARC machines with settings recommended by the prescription. Two more SMARC evaluations are arranged, one in the middle and the other on the last week of the experiment. The results show that exercises based on prescriptions generated from SMARC evaluation can significantly improve participants’ all five functional movement capacities. In addition, the effectiveness of SMARC system in the health improvement of functional movement capability is significantly influenced by the body condition, the sex, and whether regularly exercised of the participant, but not his/her BMI.

並列關鍵字

Functional movement capacity ； Norm curves ； Sub-healthy adults ； Health promotion ； Statistical analysis

參考文獻

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