老人照顧機構空間型態構成之研究

高齡化已成為社會問題，但老人的基本生活起居卻經常被忽略，照顧機構的發展在老年人的生活便利上能有顯著的改善。當今有關於老人照顧機構的研究多偏向設備、物理環境及使用感受等，較少探討建物本身之空間構成。如今許多照顧機構由於是由舊建物改造而成，機構內部空間配置等諸多問題的探討將成為必要之研究方向。「空間型構理論」(space syntax)是一種經由量化方式，運算空間資訊的分析工具，運算的範圍包括空間單元組構、動線便捷度、視覺量化資訊、人潮群聚模擬等。本研究以中部地區16家老人照顧機構為樣本，使用空間型構理論中「凸空間單元」與「視域分析」方法分析機構公共空間數據，探討空間本身及實際使用機能，並將影響因素分類探討，希望能藉由數據呈現現實中的使用狀況，求出各空間數據範圍，並提出機構空間配置的修正。分析結果顯示：建築物本身隔間所造成的空間深度，對於移動時的便捷程度及機構中機能空間位置造成影響，不同機能空間所需的性質皆不相同，而機能空間於整體配置中的位置會使人的視覺受到一定程度的影響。研究結果提出改變機能空間數值的方式如：改變機能空間位置、更改隔間牆為玻璃隔間，及減少過長的走廊。

關鍵字

空間型構理論；老人照顧機構；視域分析；凸空間分析；相對深度圖

並列摘要

Aging has become a social problem, but the daily lives of old people are often overlooked. The development of careing institutions can significantly improve the convenience of the elderly. Nowadays, there are many researches on elderly care institutions that prefer equipment, physical environment and experience, but less discussion about the spatial composition of the building itself. Now that many care institutions are transformed from existing buildings, the discussion of many issues such as the internal space configuration of the institution has gradually become a necessary research topic.Space syntax is a quantitative analysis tool for computing spatial information, the calculation range includes spatial configuration, axial line convenience, visual quantitative information, crowd simulation, using space syntax is possible to simulate the tendency to use space. This study uses 16 elderly care institutions in the central region to Taiwan as samples, use space syntax to analyze the organization's public space data, such as the convex space unit and the view graph analysis, discuss the space itself and the actual use of functions, and classify the influencing factors, hope to use the data in the program to present the actual use status, find out the range of each spatial data, and propose a correction to the spatial configuration of the organization.The analysis results show that the depth of space caused by the partitions of the building has an impact on the convenience of movement and the position of the functional space in the organization. The privacy required for different functional spaces is different, and the functional space units are in the overall configuration. The position of configuration will affect the human vision to a certain extent. The research results suggest ways to change the value of the functional space such as: changing the location of the functional space, changing the partition wall to a glass partition, and reducing excessively long corridors.