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  • 學位論文

以濕式化學合成法搭配分散劑製備零價金屬降解水中五氯酚鈉之研究

Using Wet Chemical Synthesis with Dispersant to Prepare Zero-valent Metals for Removing Sodium Pentachlorophenate in Water

指導教授 : 劉敏信
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摘要


五氯酚鈉為於環境中為一種難分解的有機化合物,一但污染土壤及地下水,則經由生物累積而進入人體內,而造成嚴重的人體病變、致畸型或癌症等危害。零價金屬具有強大的還原能力,又以零價鐵最為被廣泛使用於處理地下水中污染技術。 本研究使用濕式化學合成法搭配羧甲基纖維素鈉(CMC)和檸檬酸(CA)做為分散劑製備單一及複合零價金屬,以降解水中五氯酚鈉的降解率做為測試分析並探討不同金屬添加量、反應時間、及不同分散劑等參數對五氯酚鈉降解效率之影響,並測量水樣之pH值、氧化還原電位(Oxidation Reduction Potential, ORP)以利於比較參數之影響。在24小時降解試驗測得零價鐵鎳雙金屬有最好的降解效果,降解率98.6%。分析比表面積的結果表明在溼式化學合成前添加CMC,零價金屬的比表面積可以有效地從39.9 m2/g提高到197.2 m2/g。在溫度25℃、水樣體積20 mL、水樣濃度300 mg/L、金屬克數1 g的條件下,以濕式化學合成法搭配羧甲基纖維素鈉(CMC)中的零價鐵鎳雙金屬降解試驗在24小時內降解效果從15.8%提高至98.6%。動力學試驗發現零價金屬降解五氯酚鈉試驗符合一階反應動力學。反應速率常數為2.53×10-3 min-1。

並列摘要


Sodium pentachlorophenol is an organic compound that is difficult to break down in the environment. Once it contaminates soil and groundwater, it can enter the human body through bioaccumulation and lead to severe human diseases such as deformation or cancer. Because of the strong reductive capability of zero-valent metal in general, zero-valent iron is most widely used in the treatment of groundwater contamination. This study used a wet chemical synthesis method to mix sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and citric acid (CA) together into a single and a composite zero-valent metal for dispersant preparation. The degradation rate of sodium pentachlorophenol (PCP-Na) in water was used as a test to analyze and explore the effect of various parameters such as metal dosage, reaction time, and different dispersants on the degradation efficiency of PCP-Na, and to measure the pH of water samples and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in order to facilitate comparison of these parameters for their impact. Zero-valent iron-nickel bimetallic obtained in the 24-hour degradation test yielded the best result, with a 98.6% degradation rate. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis showed that the addition of CMC before the wet chemical is synthesized can effectively raise the zero-valent metal surface area from 39.9 m2 / g to 197.2 m2 / g. Under the conditions of temperature at 25℃, water sample volume at 20 mL, water concentration at 300 mg / L, and weight of metal at 1 g, the 24-hour degradation test results showed that zero-valent iron-nickel bimetallic within the wet chemical synthesized CMC increased the rate from 15.8% to 98.6%. Kinetic study demonstrated that zero-valent metal degradation of the PCP-Na test was in line with first-order kinetics, with a reaction rate constant at 2.53 × 10-3 min-1.

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