不同道路分隔島植栽配置對都市道路溫度之影響-以台中市台灣大道為例

The impacts of Traffic Island Planting Configuration on Street Temperature : Taiwan Boulevard of Taichung City as a Case Study

林薏萍(Yi-Ping Lin)

指導教授 ： 王小璘

朝陽科技大學/設計學院/建築系建築及都市設計碩士班/碩士(2013年)

摘要

近年來台灣都市發展快速，建築密度增加、綠地減少、人口集中且交通流量大等等因素的情況之下，都市熱能量逐日累積，影響了整個都市的氣候環境，造成都市嚴重高溫化現象，產生都市熱島效應。
道路是都市重要網絡之一，多數車行主要道路及人行道路的植栽設計，並未完善考慮植栽與道路周遭的關係，道路綠化必須考慮之因素包涵車流量、人行流量、所屬區域土地使用類型、舖面型式、道路寬度、樹種等。道路上不同植栽配置對於道路空間溫度改善程度也有所不同，若能善加規劃降溫效果較佳之植栽配置型式於都市道路中，除能改善都市現況之生活品質，亦能對減緩都市熱島效應有所助益。
都市中隨著人車越來越密集，高溫化現象更加顯著，藉由綠化能達到緩和效果。在都市高溫化之下，哪些植栽配置型式對於降低道路溫度之效果最佳，本研究將選擇台中市台灣大道二段及台灣大道三段之分隔島做量測範圍，利用紅外線熱像儀實地量測各種植栽配置型式溫度分佈之結果，統計分析並建立出八種植栽配置型式對道路溫度的影響之數據及圖表，探討以上皆能夠改善多少都市道路溫度。本研究經實地量測所得之結果如下：
一、有效降低道路表面溫度以種植喬木-灌木-地被此植栽配置型式為最佳，其次為喬木-地被之配置型式。
二、有效降低道路表面上方30cm溫度的方法以種植之喬木-灌木-地被此植栽配置型式為最佳，其次為喬木-灌木及單純喬木之配置型式。
三、於裸露地面種植喬木-灌木-地被、喬木-地被、喬木-灌木及單純喬木等植栽配置型式，可減輕裸露地面對於周遭環境的反輻射熱，降低周圍空氣溫度，且其效果以種植喬木-灌木-地被之複層植栽為最佳。

關鍵字

植栽配置 ； 都市熱島效應 ； 都市道路系統 ； 紅外線熱像儀 ； 分隔島

並列摘要

In recent years, due to Taiwan’s rapid urban development, increasing building density, reducing green space, and large concentration of population and traffic, the urban heat energy continues to accumulate, thereby affecting the climate of the entire city. The urban high-temperature phenomenon has resulted in the heat island effect.
Road is one of important networks of the city. However, the planting design of the majority of vehicle lanes and sidewalks did not take full consideration of the relationship between the plants and the road surroundings. Factors of consideration of road greening include vehicle flow, pedestrian flow, the land use type of the area, pavement type, road width, and tree varieties. Different planting configurations of the road can improve the road space temperature in different degrees. If planting configuration that can achieve better cooling effect can be adopted, the quality of life of the urban residents can be enhanced, and the urban heat island effect can be mitigated.
With denser population and vehicle congestion in the urban area, the high-temperature phenomenon becomes more pronounced. Greening can achieve the mitigating effect. In order to determine the optimal planting configuration for reducing road temperature in the high-temperature urban area, this study selected Sections 2 and 3 of Taiwan Boulevard as the research target, and used the infrared thermal imager to measure the temperature distribution of various planting configurations on the site. By statistical analysis, this study constructed the data and diagrams of the impact of eight planting configurations on road temperature, and discussed their effects on reducing urban road temperature. The results of the on-site measurement are as shown below:
1. To effectively reduce the road surface temperature, the planting configuration of tree-shrub—ground cover plant is the best, followed by tree-ground cover plant.
2. To effectively reduce the temperature at the place of 30 cm above road surface, the planting configuration of tree-shrub-ground cover plant is the best, followed by tree-shrub, as well as tree only.
3. Planting configurations of tree-shrub-ground cover plant, tree-ground cover plant, tree-shrub and tree on bare ground can reduce the anti-radiation heat of the surroundings and the ambient air temperature. The effect of the planting configuration of tree-shrub-ground cover plant is the best.

並列關鍵字

Urban Heat Island Effects ； Planting Configuration ； Urban Road System ； Traffic Island ； Infrared Thermography

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