機構照顧服務員人格特質與工作投入之相關性探討

The Relationship between Personality Traits and Job Involvement of Health Care Aides in Long-Term Care Facilities

陳月慧(Yueh-hui Chen)

指導教授 ： 朱僑麗

亞洲大學/健康學院/長期照護研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

由於人口結構高齡化，失能者人數大幅增加，其照顧需求亦相對增高。過去家庭為長期照護主要單位，在家庭結構核心化、婦女就業率提高、生育率下降及獨居老人增加趨勢下，家庭可提供老人及身心障礙者之照護功能日漸式微，機構需求相對增加。
在老年人口所衍生的諸多問題中，「老人照顧」應該是最為重要的課題。不論是何種機構服務模式，皆極為重視照顧者的管理與照護品質的提升，其中最不容忽視的是直接提供照顧的照顧服務員。而如何「選對的人」提升照顧服務員的服務品質，展現人性中助人的最高本質與工作倫理，更是此刻機構不容忽視的要務。
本研究旨在了解機構照顧服務員的人格特質與工作投入之相關性。本研究採用問卷調查法，以桃園、台中、南投、彰化等四縣市共十個公、私立機構之照顧服務員為對象，共發出問卷411份，回收358份，剔除無效問卷12份，有效問卷共346份。
本研究之統計方法有信度分析、描述性統計、t檢定與單因子變異數分析、薛費氏事後檢定法、相關分析與迴歸分析。本研究發現如下：機構照顧服務員的個人屬性（婚姻狀況、教育程度、籍貫、僱用模式、機構屬性、薪資）對工作投入有顯著影響；機構照顧服務員的人格特質五構面與工作投入分別達到極顯著相關；機構照顧服務員的個人屬性與人格特質對工作投入有部分顯著影響。
本研究依據以上之結論，分別對相關的主管機關、機構管理者以及未來研究提出建議，以供參考。

關鍵字

機構照顧服務員 ； 人格特質 ； 工作投入

並列摘要

Abstract
The disabled people, whose demand for care is increasing tremendously, are common in this aging population society. A home was the major site of long term care in the past. With the prevalence of nuclear family, more employment provided for women, reducing birth rate, and the popularity of life style of solitary old person, the function of a home to take care of the elderly and the handicapped decreases.

Among the issues related to the elderly, taking care of them is a top priority. Regardless of the service modes offered by any institution, we always put emphasis on the supervision of care givers and improving quality of care. The importance of care givers cannot be overemphasized. It is an important task of an institution to choose a qualified member to promote the service quality of care givers and clarify professional ethics.

The purpose of this study is to make out the relationship between the characteristics of care givers and their devotion. This research is conducted through survey. The sample populations include the care givers who serve in ten public or private health institutions located in Taoyuan, Taichung, Nantou, and Changhua. We send out 411 questionnaires and get 358 returned, which include 346 effective ones.

The statistic methods employees here are: reliability analysis, descriptive statistics,t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe’s test, correlation analysis, regression analysis.

The conclusions are as follows. The individual properties (marital status, educational level, birth place, mode of employment, institutional property, salary) of care givers pose great influence on their devotion. The pentad of care givers' properties has positive effect on their devotion as well.

According to the conclusions drawn from this study, we offer the advice to bureaus in charge, managers of the institutions and further researchers to develop a better society.

並列關鍵字

Health Care Aides in Long-Term Care Facilities ； Personality Traits ； Job Involvement

參考文獻

吳明隆(2005)‧SPSS統計應用學習實務：問卷分析與應用統計‧台北巿：知城數位科技股份有限公司。

劉立凡(2006)‧探究護理之家病患服務員工作滿意度之研究—以南部三個主要城市立案護理之家為例‧立德學報，87-98。

行政院衛生署(2006)‧衛生統計：生命統計‧臺灣：行政院衛生署。

洪昭安、石芬芬、王郁茗、呂慧蘭、賴德仁(2002)‧中部某醫學中心護理人員的人格特質與壓力感受之探討‧中山醫學雜誌，13，189-196。

林春只、曾明月(2005)‧照顧服務員工作滿意度及其相關因素探討‧長期照護雜誌‧9(4)，349-360。