同卵雙胞胎的語言發展問題：個案研究

Developmental Dysphasia of Mandarin-Speaking Monozygotic Twins: A Case Study

尹承俊(Grace Cheng-Jun Yin) ； 歐陽瑞琳(Jui-Lin Ouyang) ； 洪振耀(Gabriel Hong)

《聽語會刊》 13期 (1998/06) Pp. 61-77

摘要

本文旨在呈現臨床上一對六足歲、母語為國語之同卵雙胞胎姊妹的個案，然而此個案同時牽涉一般兒童語言發展、雙胞胎特殊語言發展模式、及語言障礙三方面的問題。文中首先提及雙胞胎研究在語言學、語言病理學的意義與重要性，繼之以個案研究的方法探討此對雙胞胎的語言問題。結果顯示，此對雙胞胎與一般同齡兒童相較，有構音及音韻異常、句法規則異常、創新之詞彙使用、語詞重複以及獨特之言談轉接模式，影響其語言之可理解度、及在校學習與溝通的困難。檢驗此對雙胞胎語言發展異常的相關因素，如：雙胞胎特殊之生物與心靈結構、親子關係與親子互動方式、家庭結構、精神疾病等及此諸多因素之間彼此的互動影響，是在此個案中值得考慮的因素。

關鍵字

同卵雙胞胎 ； 語言發展遲緩 ； 秘密語 ； 雙胞胎互動 ； 親子互動 ； 溝通障礙 ； 音韻障礙 ； 句法語意 ； 言談轉接

並列摘要

In various scientific fields, ”twins” is often an interesting topic for investigation and discussion, particularly in behavioral genetics, psychology, psychiatry, and sociology. In linguistics, some aspects of twins' speech and language characteristics or problems have been discussed in languages other than Mandarin (Luria & Yudovich 1959; Mittler 1969, 1970; Keenan 1974; Conway et al. 1980; Savic 1980; Malmstrom 1986; Mogford 1988; Dodd & McEvoy 1992, 1994; Barton & Strosberg 1997). A case study of Mandarin acquisition by a pair of six-year-old monozygotic twin girls is presented in this paper. It is interesting that their intensive communication with each other is accompanied by communication problems with other members of the family and the society. The preliminary results based on a corpus of thirty-minute storytelling and four hours of twin-twin-adult conversation indicate that this pair of twins share some disorders: 1) poor articulation with frequent occurrence of sound omission, substitution, and vowel harmony; 2) unauthentic use of syntax and vocabulary; 3) neologism in lexicon. In terms of their features in discourse, they show repetition phenomenon, incomplete response, and unique patterns of turn-taking. Besides their unique biological and psychological conditions, possible causes of their deviated language behavior, such as the influence of family structure, and the environment in which they are raised would be interesting for further discussion.

並列關鍵字

monozygotic twins ； developmental dysphasia ； cryptophasia ； twin-twin interaction ； parent-child interaction ； communication disorders ； phonological disorders ； syntax ； semantics ； turn-taking