運動訓練馴化模式之省思－結構主義、佛洛伊德與兩本小說

當傳統高壓的訓練環境過渡到崇尚個人主義的風潮時，權威式的教學似乎面臨了巨大的挑戰。而長久以來，規馴與傳統文化思想所期待的奴性，以及近似於人類本能卻不能為團體所接受的野性，這兩種絕對對立的性格，卻在這過渡的時代造成了另一種運動場域上，一個有關教學者與學生和運動環境三者之間，相互溝通的障礙。本研究主要以探討運動馴化模式下所面臨的問題為主題，而研究路徑主要分為：1.首先以語句分析方式探討運動馴化模式的問題核心；2.藉由結構主義的食物料理三角形，勾畫出運動馴化模式下的三角形結構，並從佛洛伊德人格理論中的本我、自我和超我概念延伸出「心中的惡魔」、「心中的天使」「糾結的困惑者」的結構做比較，指出運動馴化模式結構中所存在的問題；3.最後以兩本小說─《狼圖騰》與《藏獒》所塑造出的兩種融合野性與奴性的型態─「狼性」與「獒性」，為運動馴化模式的中間形態，試圖解決運動馴化模式結構所遇到的問題。最後，希望藉由以上步驟能深入的對運動馴化模式裡的各個元素作反思，並藉此反思以達到能互相理解的目標。

關鍵字

馴化模式；語句分析；結構主義；狼性；獒性；運動

並列摘要

Nowadays, the sports training approach faces a great shift from the traditional authority-centered pedagogy to the individual-centered pedagogy. While the expected servility occurs under the discipline and the wildness-though not accepted in terms of groups-based on human nature encounter in the sport field, the conflict appears among students and instructors and the sports environment. Thus, this study aims to explore the process of domestication in the sports training. Three approaches are used as below: Firstly, to analyze the core problems in this domestication by statement analysis; secondly, to employ the culinary triangle from structuralism to illustrate a triangle perspective in sporting domestication and then, to compare it with the ego, super ego and Id from Freud's theory of personality structure; and finally, to separately employ concepts of ＂wolfish＂ and ＂Mastifflike＂ in novels Wolf Totem and Tibetan Mastiff in order to explain the transition from wildness to servility in sporting domestication. As a result, each role and perspective in this domestication can be examined and reflected, and a better understanding can be achieved from different parties.