運動／獎牌／錢－學校運動會獎勵措施之省思

運動的世界雖然充滿樂趣與挑戰，但也經常受到世俗價值的影響。作為教育單位，校園所舉辦的運動會，有時也會受功利主義影響，以獎金為誘餌，鼓勵學生積極報名，努力奪牌。但這種作法是否合宜？值得進一步探討。本文以文獻分析與哲學反思為方法進路，嘗試以他山之石為鑑，目的在替學校運動會的獎勵措施找到參考座標。內文追溯運動會的起源，發現古代奧運是以象徵性獎賞來獎勵優勝者；而國內外的大型運動會的獎勵，也多偏重精神性。反觀國內各級學校的運動會，部分學校主動設置奪牌獎金；進一步探問獎勵的目的時，發現激勵性與表彰性兩種獎勵。總結認為兩種獎勵若能相輔相成，或可營造整體校園文化，若從塑造運動英雄的方式切入，本文提出五項方案，讓運動表現傑出的學生或團體，能如同學科成績優異的學生一般，成為同儕尊敬與效法的典範；但若僅以獎金試圖提升運動會的參與率，反倒與學校教育的理念相悖，並不值得提倡。

關鍵字

象徵；獎金；運動文化

並列摘要

The world of sports is full of fun and challenges, yet often influenced by secular values. School sports day held by educational institutions is sometimes affected by utilitarianism, using prize money as incentives to encourage students to register and to win the competition. Whether appropriate to adopt the approach or not is a subject worth studying. There were two research methods of this study: document analysis and philosophical reflection. The purpose of this article was to find the coordinate reference for the incentive system of school sports day. Tracing back the origin of sports events, the study found that ancient Olympic Games used symbolic prizes to reward the winners. Large-scale sport events at home and abroad also award athletes based on spiritual values. However, among schools of all levels in Taiwan, some of them take the initiative to set up prize money for school sports day. To further explore the purposes of reward, the study discovered two of them: to incentivize and to praise. To draw a conclusion, by complementing these two purposes, a more ideal campus culture may be created, in which students or teams with outstanding athletic performance can become role models, receiving same respect and emulation from peers just as the students with excellent academic achievements. On the other hand, if the school uses prize money to achieve high participation rate of the school sports day while violating the idea of education, it's not worth promoting.