多年來,在東部的生活觀察中,對兩件事情始終帶著困惑;一件是產業東移,另一件是產業地景。本文是針對這兩項長期困惑而寫,試圖透過產業鏈角度讓兩件事獲得具體分析,把產業東移拆成官方版與民間版,把產業地景聚焦在台東荖葉,採微觀角度深入產業內涵與日常運作。從許多角度來看,感謝花東地區發展條例(以下簡稱花東條例)與花東地區永續發展基金(以下簡稱花東基金)的提案單位自動把荖葉產業排除在外,當地方政府與中央政策採取一致的消極立場,讓民間版的產業東移沒有來自政策的責任與負擔,到東部尋找適合農作物成長的自然環境,找到相對便宜的勞動力,找到較低費用的農地,抽取豐富的地下水源。然而,從資本角度的觀點並不能解釋台東成為荖葉最大產地的原因,還包括產業東移的技術養成、勞動力取得、協力模式所涉及的文化環境,以及促成文化與經濟之間交融。本文採用文獻分析、深度訪談、參與觀察等研究方法,採用區域研究的角度,以產業為介面,釐清在花東條例之外的花東發展,以及台東荖葉面對的危機與契機。
Over the years, I have always been confused about two things; one is the Policy of Industry Transfer to Eastern Taiwan, the other is the industrial landscape. This article is written in response to these two long-term confusions, trying to get a detailed analysis of the industrial chain, focusing on the industrial landscape in Taitung betel pepper, and taking a microscopic perspective. From many perspectives, when the local government and the central government adopted a consistent negative stance, the private industry moved Hualien-Taitung without the responsibility and burden of the policy. Go to the east to find a natural environment suitable for growing crops, find relatively cheap labor, find low-cost agricultural land, and pump rich groundwater sources. However, from the perspective of capital, it cannot explain the reason why Taitung has become the largest producing area of betel pepper. It also includes the technical development of the industry transfer Eastern Taiwan, the acquisition of labor force, the cultural environment involved in the cooperation model, and the integration between culture and economy. This paper adopts research methods such as literature analysis, in-depth interviews, and participant observation, adopts the perspective of regional research, and uses the industry as the interface to clarify the development of Hualien-Taitung area outside Hualien-Taitung Area Development Act, as well as the crises and opportunities faced by Taitung betel pepper.