生態學模式介入社區關懷據點對高齡者健康體適能之影響

Effects of the Healthy Physical Fitness for the Elderly in Community Care Sites Based on an Ecological Model

林恩賜(En-Szu Lin) ； 程瑞福(Jui-Fu Chen)

《休閒運動健康評論》 11卷2期 (2022/09) Pp. 14-28

摘要

人口老化已是21世紀全球普遍的趨勢，而台灣高齡化的現象，近年來則愈加明顯。本研究目的旨在透過生態學模式探討社區關懷據點，應用運動課程方案介入對高齡者健康體適能之影響因素。採質性研究法之文件分析、日記、觀察法、深度訪談、田野觀察、焦點團體座談、三角檢定法、紮根理論等資料進行內容分析歸納，建構高齡者健康體適能各面向知覺能力之基礎意象概念。以雲林縣莿桐鄉甘西社區關懷據點全體人員從中嚴選出5人為研究對象。結果：心肺功能（比較不會喘）、肌力（較容易站起來）、肌耐力（站得比較久）、柔軟度（抱孫子較能灣的下來）及身體組成（褲子比較鬆）等健康體適能五大知覺能力面向的提升。結論：透過生態學模式多元性運動12週的課程方案介入，確實對高齡者健康體適能知覺能力的促進效益佳更是件重要的課題，具備這些優良的健康體適能五大知覺意象能力的提升，進一步影響其高齡者個體自尊及生活品質。建議：如何改善高齡者的健康狀況，進而對身體健康體適能產生正面影響，生態學模式多元性運動課程方案的介入，對健康體適能與身體自我知覺能力的提升是有其必要性與急廹性，更值得後續對社區關懷據點相關研究予以支持與關注。

關鍵字

生態學模式 ； 健康體適能 ； 關懷據點 ； 老化 ； 社區

並列摘要

Population aging has become a global trend in the 21st century, and Taiwan's aging phenomenon has become more and more obvious in recent years. The purpose of this study is to explore the factors that influence the healthy physical fitness of the elderly by using the exercise curriculum project of community care sites based on an ecological model. To construct the basic image concept of the perceptual ability of various aspects of healthy physical fitness of the elderly, this research adopts the qualitative research method to analyze and summarize the content by means of document analysis, diary, observation method, in-depth interview, field observation, focus group discussion, triangulation test method, grounded theory and other data. 5 people are selected from the staff of the Ganxi Community Care Site in Jiutong Township, Yunlin County Five perceptual ability aspects of healthy physical fitness have been improved, such as cardiopulmonary function (less breathable), muscle strength(easier to stand up), muscle endurance(stand longer), flexibility(come down and hug grandson easily) and body composition(pants are loose). Introducing a 12-week multi-exercise course through the ecological model, which indeed promotes the healthy physical fitness perception ability of the elderly. The improvement of the five perceptual image abilities is able to improve the individual self-esteem and quality of life of the elderly. By improving the health status of the elderly, a positive impact on physical fitness can be created. It is necessary and urgent to improve the healthy physical fitness and physical self-perception ability of the diversified exercise curriculum plan of the ecological model. The researches on community care sites should continuously be supported and paid attention.

並列關鍵字

ecological model ； healthy physical fitness ； care site ； aging ； community

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