The Proceeding of the 9th AHLA International Health Literacy Conference: Health Literacy and Social Resilience
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亞洲健康識能學會,正常發行
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Background: The maternal mortality rate has evolved into an important indicator of women's health. It is particularly revealing of women's overall status, access to health care, and the responsiveness of the health care system. Improved maternal health literacy may give women more agency in making decisions about their own safety. Objectives: To investigate the causes of maternal deaths and identified three delays that lead to maternal death and offer recommendations for reduced maternal mortality using health literacy Method: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted by reviewing the secondary data of maternal death reports and the summary of fatality case conferences during 2020 to 2022 Data was analyzed in percentage and maternal mortality ratio. Results: The total number of live births during 2020 to 2022 in Health Region 3 was 52,593 cases with the data linkage process identifying 13 potential pregnancy-associated deaths. The maternal mortality rates were 16.14, 46.11, and 6.00 per 100,000 live births respectively. It was noted that of the 13 fatality cases, 46.15 percent (6 cases) were attributed to direct causes and 53.85 percent (7 cases) to indirect causes. The three main causes of death were pneumonia, infections not related to pregnancy, and amniotic fluid embolism. The decision to seek treatment is delayed by 69.23 percent, and then receiving the necessary care at medical facilities is delayed by 65.53 percent. Conclusion: Maternal deaths result from both direct and indirect causes. Ability to recognize threats to pregnancy and to make decisions with respect to the preservation of well-being constitute a first step in the prevention of maternal deaths. The next step involves enabling women to contact and avail themselves of appropriate health care services.
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Background: Patients may experience idleness prior to outpatient care or when they undergo long hospital stays. Objectives: In order to use idle time, increase happiness, well-being, resilience, and health literacy of pediatric patients (children and adolescents up to 18 years old), a storytelling initiative was developed in the outpatient clinic and ward of a pediatric hospital and also in a YouTube channel. Methods: Protocols were developed for storytelling in face-to-face and digital modes. For both modalities, it was necessary: the selection of suitable stories, including stories about resilience, cultural, religious and bodily diversity, friendship, race and gender equality (Sexist, racist, violent and white superiority stories are not selected in the project); training the team of storytellers; creation of visual patterns for clothing and identification of storytellers. For face-to-face storytelling, a story menu was developed so that children can select the stories they want to hear; a hand hygiene methodology was established; and a schedule, with days and times for storytelling. For storytelling in the digital modality, the following processes were developed: scenography, recording and editing of stories in a standardized way; creating a YouTube channel; dissemination of stories on social networks. Results: Storytelling engages children, adolescents and their families emotionally and cognitively. Face-to-face contact, through storytelling, expands the possibilities of language and vocabulary development, expands communication, human relationships, imagination, generates good feelings and good emotions within the health unit. The availability of the stories told on the YouTube channel makes it possible for children and adolescents to review the stories at any time. Between 2018 and 2023, our initiative assisted 2,540 in person and 7,518 on YouTube. Conclusion: We hypothesized that the first steps towards health literacy can start with listening to stories in health units, when the patient can establish an affective and cognitive relationship between health and information.
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Impact of health literacy and resilience on COVID-19 fear: Study among Indonesian COVID-19 survivors
Background: COVID-19 pandemic was once become a threat not only to physical aspects of human life but also to other aspects such as the economy and psychology. This huge impact in turn increases the level of fear of COVID-19 which is still observed even among the survivors, those who have recovered from this disease. This condition evokes the importance of investigating factors influencing the level of COVID-19 fear to develop a suitable healthcare policy, which is highly needed in the future specifically in Indonesia. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of both health literacy and resilience on COVID-19 among Indonesian survivors. Methods: Total of 245 COVID-19 survivors completed several instruments including three which used in current article. Statistical analysis was conducted to ensure the instruments' reliability, investigate the association of measured variables with demographical data, and test this study's hypothesis. Results: Data for this article was collected from COVID-19 survivors whose age varies from 14 to 67 years old (Mean=30.22; SD=12.707). Based on statistical analysis, two demographic factors influence COVID-19 fear which is sex (t=2.690; p=.008) with female presented higher score; and perceived social status (F=3.873; p=.022). Furthermore, multiple regression was conducted to test the hypothesis. Results show that health literacy and resilience significantly predict the level of COVID-19 fear among Indonesian survivors simultaneously (F=14.398; p=.000). However, health literacy alone does not present any statistically significant impact on fear of COVID-19 (B=-.038; p=.349). Conclusion: Current study presents that health literacy and resilience simultaneously significantly impact the level of COVID-19 fear. Insight from this article would be beneficial for the stakeholders in establishing policy regarding public health management.
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Background: A study of the rehabilitation for bedridden patient or dependency by using remote health technology aimed to propose the utilization of telehealth technology for physical rehabilitation of bedridden patients or those with household or community dependence together with the practice guidelines at the Tambon Health Promoting Hospital and extending the utilization of remote health technology for long-term care by promoting self-reliance through the community wisdom. Methods: A research design was a mixed methodology by quantitative method integrated with qualitative and practical methods through telehealth technology to develop a learning program based on the guidelines of the Sirindhorn Institute for Rehabilitation of the National. A research was conducted in 3 steps: Phase 1 was developing content, knowledge and guidelines on health care for bedridden patients or those with dependence on 5 symptom groups, namely malnutrition, sepsis, difficulty in movement, constipation and insomnia. Phase 2 was a trial of a rehabilitation program through remote health technology, and phase 3 was a follow-up and assessment of health care and rehabilitation through telehealth. Results: The results showed that a learning program tailored to the ability to learn and utilize telehealth for the care of bedridden patients or those with household or community dependency may be divided into two programs: the telehealth program for the rehabilitation and standard practice learning programs. The quantitative study found that personal factors and opinions of caregivers who do take care of bedridden patients or those dependence have a significant correlation. An action study found that caregivers lack holistic health care skills and knowledge. The ability to use technology is a limitation of remote learning in remote areas, internet connection stability is a constraint of accessing. However, in a group of family members or caregivers with access to technology, there were good learning and practice outcomes in all 5 syndromes of bedridden patients or those dependence as well as being satisfied with the use of remote health technology. Research has shown that learning via a portable computer (tablet) is more effective than learning via a smartphone and telehealth technology is suitable for learning and use at the community level. The follow-up and evaluation of using telehealth technology found that, the components of care at the household or community level were the cost of care, health personnel, multidisciplinary team, community participation and caregivers. Conclusion: Policy recommendations such as integration of multilateral public-private partnerships, strengthening mechanisms to decentralize local government in the administration of Tambon Health Promoting Hospitals including the information technology structures to connect healthcare seamless systems. Academic recommendations such as, developing skills and enhancing long-term care giver attitudes through telehealth learning, content analysis of health media for learning through Telehealth technology.
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Background: Organizational health literacy is the capability of an organization to let individuals acquire, understand and use healthcare information and services, in order that an individual can make health policy for self or others. In 2021, the health literacy of Chinese citizens was only 25.4%, which was generally in a low health literacy state that had a negative impact on the overall health system. OHL evaluation tools for medical institutions played a positive role in assessing the complexity of the medical environment and improving the health literacy of residents. Thus, whether medical institutions have OHL has become an important factor for people to correctly access, judge and use a variety of health information and services. Objectives: To research and development localized OHL assessment tools for medical institutions in China. Method: In this study, we reviewed assessment tools of organizational health literacy in medical institutions. Results: This study review the application purpose, application scenarios, evaluation methods, evaluation content, evaluation indicators and application status of eight OHL assessment tools in medical institutions, in order to provide reference for the development, evaluation research and practice of OHL evaluation tools in medical institutions in China.
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Background: Health literacy is a significant driving force behind achieving Sustainable Development Goals and a central tool of health promotion around the world, and Republic of Kazakhstan is no different. But studies show that health literacy levels remain limited across country - with social status, average monthly income, age, religion, education and family status being shown to have direct correlation with it. Objectives: These social determinants, serving as channels of influence on the levels of understanding, as well as health literacy itself are subject to state Public Health Policy, which we aim to explore in this paper. Methods: To do so we used literature review and legislation analysis. With the adaptation of Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS19-Q) for Russian-speaking populations the interest of researchers in the area is on the rise. Results: In 2022 the health literacy index of the population was tested, using HLS-Q22, to have increased to 75.32, which corresponds to a "sufficient" level. Nonetheless, 31,1% of the population were found to have problematic or inadequate literacy rate. Rural areas contribute mostly to the low end of the spectrum. Part of the problem is that Republic of Kazakhstan has no clear indicators or systems in place to track the changes in health literacy, despite its inclusion in two past national health projects for 2011-2015 and 2016-2019. In the latest national project "Healthy Nation" for 2021-2025 it plays a bigger role with approximately 1. 640 million USD funded by the government. Conclusion: It remains to be seen as to what direction public policy will take, but, overall, positive trends can be observed. Future research would need to determine the way of monitoring the positive and negative impacts of public health policy on health literacy in greater detail, to not lose sight of the processes going under the surface of general population health changes.
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Background: In the Philippines, the government issued a lockdown in the form of an enhanced community quarantine on 12 March, (Ocampo and Yamagishi, 2020). Interestingly, 188 countries have been on a pause, stopping religious meetings, sports events, and other social gatherings, while closing their borders and businesses including schools which affect 1.5 billion students. Objectives: To explore the experience of the youth under lockdown protocol amidst Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: Participatory action research through a photovoice approach was used and explored the experience of the eleven (11) mixed-gender youth participants under lockdown protocol amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. The (11) mixed-gender youth participants were bonafide college students of a state university in Southern Philippines who willingly participated with strict university ethics protocol. Photographs using smartphones were taken within (2) weeks, selected, and submitted to a designated online submission bin with a reflection sheet. Photographs were collected, clustered, and analyzed in an iterative process. Results: (8) themes emerged: 1) Weekend breather 2) Education, job, selling online 3) Love of self, family, relatives, friends, and pets 4) Learning new experiences 5) Nature and nurture 6) Effect 7) Spiritual sphere 8) Sanitation at its peak. Conclusion: The youth amidst Covid-19 proved to have thrived and survived during the lockdown protocol as conveyed through their visual voice. Self-care pillars were subsumed among the emerging themes of the photovoice. Thus, path-forward measures and call to action are imperative for health literacy mechanisms for the youth.
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Background: Down Syndrome has a high incidence in the world. However, analyzing the literature, there are isolated initiatives on informational products and services focused on population with this condition. Thus, we observed the need to develop an instrument to be applied more broadly to professional librarians from different places about their perception on informational products and services focused on people with Down Syndrome. Objective: Develop an instrument for mixed methods research, including quantitative and qualitative questions, to understand the perception of librarians about services and informational products focused on people with Down Syndrome. Methods: Based on gaps found in a literature review, a researcher who works in the field of information science applied to health created an instrument with 19 questions. Then, this questionnaire was analysed, revised and improved, consensually, by another researcher in the field of information science, with knowledge in Down Syndrome. Private nature questions were removed from the questionnaire, to facilitate instrument application without harming the librarians' data protection and privacy. After corrections were made, five librarians answered the instrument for initial validation. Result: The instrument current version, named "Ana Maria - v.1", contains 18 questions, two of which are qualitative, dealing with: education and knowledge obtained by the librarian in the undergraduate course on Down Syndrome; desire to have additional knowledge and develop products and services for people with Down Syndrome; informational services and products developed by the librarian and the institution where he/she works; librarians' perceptions of informational products and services focusing on people with Down Syndrome in the national context. Conclusion: Having a standardized instrument on informational products and services focused on people with Down Syndrome can generate scientific evidence that will help to establish public and institutional policies, as well as a more adequate librarians' education.
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Background: COVID-19 pandemic affected humans in all aspects, including the survivors' quality of life. COVID-19 survivors were afraid of COVID-19 due to their experience dealing with the symptoms. Besides, the survivors also had to learn a lot of information regarding COVID-19 to avoid misinformation and confusion regarding the treatments and post-infection recovery. Previous studies found that prolonged COVID-19 fear could lead to life functions and mental health impairment, thus worsening their quality of life. It was also found that health literacy helped the survivors to engage in healthy and active behaviors to improve their level of functioning post-infection, which leads to improved quality of life. Objectives: This study aims to determine the relationship between fear of COVID-19, health literacy, and COVID-19 survivors' quality of life. Method: This study was conducted on 248 people aged 17-66 years old. The instruments used were FCV-19S, health literacy scale, and SF-36. Linear regression and Pearson product-moment correlation were used to analyze the data. Result: Analysis found that there is a significant relationship between fear of COVID-19 and health literacy with quality of life (R= .327, p= .000). Health literacy is positively related to the quality of life (r= .150, p= .018), and fear of COVID-19 is negatively related to the quality of life (r= -.306, p= .000). Independent variables explain 10,7% of the dependent variable. Conclusion: It can be concluded that COVID-19 survivors' quality of life is affected by their fear of COVID-19 and health literacy regarding COVID-19. COVID-19 survivors are suggested to seek professional help regarding their fear of COVID-19 and improve their health literacy for a better quality of life.
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Background: Health literacy skills in students related to condom use is become more relevant to them understands, actions and behaviors to prevention of sexual transmitted disease (STDs) and unintended pregnancy. Objectives: This research aimed to study health literacy level on condom use, condom use behaviors, and relationship between health literacy and condom use behavior among students at educational institute in Nakhon Sawan province. Method: Population consisted of 1,747 students, level 1^(st)-4^(th) level that studying at institute. The samples size were 355 students calculated by Kejcie & Morgan table and selected by Simple Random Sampling. Data were applied during 1-28 February, 2023 using Google forms as an online survey. Data was analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation and Pearson product moment correlation coefficient. Results: The result of majority of samples reported female (60.27%), 18-24 years old (93.24%), 2^(nd) level (35.77%) had sufficient level (87.62%) of the health literacy skill, condom use behavior had middle level (75.97%). Overall relationship between the health literacy and condom use behavior were statically significant with p-value < .05 (r =0.521, p-value <.001) Conclusion: This study showed that the majority of students had sufficient level of overall health literacy and was correlated with their actual condom use behaviors. Monitoring and evaluation are essential to Health literacy and condom use behavior program of students. That should be implemented continuously in improving their health literacy condom use behavior which may be to prevention of sexual transmitted diseases and unintended pregnancy, too.