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大專體育學術專刊/Archives of University Education and Sports

中華民國大專院校體育總會,停刊

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  • 期刊

本研究的目的在瞭解班級中運動能力較佳和運動能力較差的國中生,對體育課的需求,以台北市東湖國中二、三年級學生為對象。以深度訪談輔以問卷調查、參與觀察的方式收集資料,經分析、歸納與研討後獲得本研究結果。本研究結果顯示:一、不同運動能力的兩群體,均認為體育課最重要的需求包含:運動樂趣、運動技能學習、運動精神與態度、運動慾望的滿足(滿足想運動的感覺)、友誼、抒解身心壓力、體育常識的學習、成就感的獲得和教師因素共九類。雖然兩群體對體育課最重要的需求因素分類結果相同,但是構成該分類結果之原因卻不同。二、在對體育課最不重要的需求方面:(一)運動能力較佳的學生,認為在體育課學習中,最不重要的需求包含:運動量不足、害怕出醜與缺乏運動氣氛。(二)運動能力較差的學生,認為在體育課學習中,最不重要的需求包含:成績評量標準不當、學習與考試的壓力、規則與名人紀錄的背誦、身心因素、害怕被取笑、害怕被孤立、運動場地或器材不足等因素。本研究並根據研究結果提出其建議。

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本研究的研究目的在於嘗試探討連續十週的保齡球實驗教學活動,以筆者自製之保齡球記錄表格,記錄學生每週實際上課每一球擲球的過程與成績。並考驗學生十週的學期前、中及後之保齡球成績差異情形,作為檢驗保齡球課程教學實施的效果及因應策略之依據與參考,本研究以國立高雄師範大學選修保齡球組女生,且未有任何學習保齡球經驗之大學學生共計40名為受試對象。並以重複量數單因子變異數分析及杜凱法事後比較統計法,考驗不同學習階段影響保齡球平均得分相關變項之差異情形。經結果分析得到下列結論:一、保齡球連續十週學習其不同學習階段之平均得分、補全倒數、失誤數及總瓶數有顯著差異存在,且學習後及學習中的平均得分、補全倒數、失誤數及總瓶數,顯著優於學習前。且學習後的平均得分、補全倒數、失誤數及總瓶數,亦顯著高於學習中。二、保齡球連續十週學習其不同學習階段之一次全倒數、洗溝數、第一球擊中一號瓶數有顯著差異存在,且學習後及學習中的一次全倒數、洗溝數、第一球擊中一號瓶數,顯著優於學習前。而學習後的一次全倒數、洗溝數、第一球擊中一號瓶數與學習中無顯著差異。三、保齡球連續十週學習其不同學習階段之二次全倒數、三次全倒數未有顯著差異。

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本文研究目的為:1.比較男女生在自設目標、成就動機、內在動機、自我效能及發球表現的差異情形;2.比較男女生在有無達成自設目標的差異情形;3.探討男女生成就動機、自我效能及自設目標對發球表現及內在動機的預測情形。受試者為149名大學生(男生66名、女生83名),平均年齡為20±1.24歲,均為興趣選項選修桌球課的學生,均接受五週的桌球發球訓練。研究工具為自我效能量表、運動成就動機量表及內在動機量表。研究結果發現:1.男女生在發球成績表現、自設目標與自我效能有顯著差異存在。2.男、女生在達成目標的人數百分比沒有差異存在。3.女生的自設目標可以有效預測發球表現的變異量達21.77%,其成就動機可以有效預測內在動機的變異量達12.23%。4.男生的自我效能可以有效預測內在動機的變異量8%。

  • 期刊

本研究主要目的在探討目標難度與結果獲知(KR)對桌球正手擊球表現的影響。以南台科技大學女生108名為研究對象,採隨機分配方式派入下列各組之中:1.困難目標有KR組;2.困難目標無KR組;3.簡單目標有KR組;4.簡單目標無KR組;5.盡力而為有KR組;6.盡力而為無KR組。動作技能為桌球正手擊球,所使用工具色括桌球器材,以及實驗操弄檢驗問卷,每位受試經過四周的練習,所得資料以t-test、單因子變異數分析、二因子變異數分析、杜凱法分析。結果發現:1.各實驗組均可獲致良好的學習成效;2.困難目標組在正手擊球表現上,比簡單目標組與盡力而為組好,且簡單目標組比盡力而為組好;3.有KR組在正手擊球表現上,比無KR組佳。

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本研究之目的在:一、探討目標難度及獎賞方式對高爾夫推桿準確性內在動機的影響。二、驗證Deci的認知評價理論之預測-預期獎賞組的內在動機低於非預期獎賞組。受試者為景文技術學院234名女性,隨機分配到9組中,每小組人數為26名。測驗前先於推桿練習器練習20球,然後於正式測驗場地預練10球後正式測驗,每人測驗10球後依測驗給分量表計算其得分。以獨立樣本二因子變異數分析進行目標難度及獎賞方式對高爾夫推桿準確性內在動機的影響。並觀察各小組變項間的關係,若達顯著差異則進一步以杜凱氏法進行事後比較。結果發現:一、不同目標難度與不同獎賞方式在高爾夫推桿準確性內在動機無交互作用存在。二、不同目標難度對高爾夫推桿準確性內在動機沒有差異存在。三、不同獎賞方式對在高爾夫推桿準確性內在動機有差異存在,非預期獎賞的內在動機高於無獎賞。由以上結果得到以下結論:目標難度對提高受試者內在動機並無助益,非預期獎賞確可提高受試者內在動機。

  • 期刊

本研究以參加國中、高中、大專籃球聯賽的運動代表隊學生為研究對象,探討籃球代表隊的參與動機及不同人口統計變項的籃球運動代表隊在參與動機各因素上的差異情形。共計發出924份問卷,扣除無效的廢卷後,得到916份有效問卷。資料回收後經統計分析得到以下的結果:1.籃球代表隊的參與動機可以分為「心理需求因素」、「現實生活因素」、「理想實踐因素」及「社會影響因素」等四個因素。2.學生參加籃球運動代表隊最重視的原因是讓自己獲得快樂、增加成就感、增強信心、心情愉快、為了自己的興趣等屬於心理層面的因素。3.男生籃球代表隊在參與動機各個因素構面上得分高於女生籃球代表隊。4.績優升籃球代表隊在參與動機的各個因素構面上得分高於非績優生籃球代表隊。5.國中及高中籃球代表隊在參與動機各個因素構面上得分高於大專籃球代表隊。6.在心理需求因素上,離島籃球代表隊的參與動機高於北部、中部及南部籃球代表隊;在理想實踐因素上,南部籃球代表隊的參與動機高於北部籃球代表隊。

  • 期刊

The purpose of this study were to explore the differences of athletic identity, sources of sport enjoyment and sport motivation between athletes and non-athletes; furthermore to predict the relationships among these variables. A total of 937 (senior high athlete=146, senior high non-athlete=296, university athlete=243, university non-athlete=264) senior high school and university Division I level basketball players and non-athletes were served as participants. AII participants were asked to complete the Athletic Identity Questionnaire, the Inventory of Source of Sport Enjoyment and the Sport Motivation Questionnaire. The collection data were analyzed in terms of the independent sample T test, the Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicated that: (1) A significant differences were found in athletic identity, the sources of sport enjoyment (social and life opportunities, social recognition and award, perceived competence and activity itself) and sport motivation (intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, amotivation) between athletes and non-athletes; athletes had higher athletic identity, the sources of sport enjoyment and sports motivation than non-athletes. (2) A positive correlation was found among athletic identity, the sources of sport enjoyment (social and life opportunities, social recognition and award, perceived competence and activity itself) and sport motivation (intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, amotivation) for all participants. (3) Perceived competence, activity itself and social recognition and award were three effective predictors of intrinsic motivation for those with higher athletic identity athletes, and perceived competence was more efficient.

  • 期刊

本研究的目的在探討運動員知覺運動動機氣候與運動樂趣來源的相關,以及不同性別、運動項目在運動樂趣來源上的差異。本研究以531位高中運動員為受試對象(男363;女168,平均年齡=17.01,SD=± .96)。本研究所使用的研究工具包括運動員運動樂趣來源量表、運動知覺運動動機氣候量表,及個人基本資料。依據本研究目的分別以Pearson積差相關、典型相關及單因子多變量變異數分析進行資料處理,所得結果如下:1.在簡單相關顯示,知覺工作取向氣候者與社交和生活機會、社會認同和獎勵、自覺能力、活動本身呈正相關;而知覺自我取向氣候者與社交和生活機會、社會認同和獎勵、自覺能力呈正相關。2.在典型相關顯示,工作取向氣候者透過典型相關係數解釋較多的「社交和生活機會」、「活動本身」的運動樂趣,而自我取向氣候者透過典型相關係數解釋較多的「社會認同和獎勵」、「自覺能力」的運動樂趣。3.男、女高中運動員的運動樂趣來源無顯著差異存在。4.個人、團體運動項目的高中運動員在『自覺能力』和『社會認同和獎勵』的運動樂趣來源、上有差異存在;但在『社交和生活機會』和『活動本身』的運動樂趣來源上無差異存在。本研究建議未來研究者可探討運動樂趣來源及其他心理結構之關係,如運動行為、運動壓力或競技崩潰,等因素進行探討。

  • 期刊

The paper is trying to seek out the participants' motivation of Triathlon activities of Taiwan area. The samples of this research are from the participants of ”the president Enterprise Cup International Triathlon Competition” totaling two hundred and eighty seven. This research is classified as a questionnaire investigation. The pre-test of original questionnaire had been processed and analyzed by item and factor analysis to extract the factors and decide the final questionnaire. The data from the questionnaire were processed and analyzed by one-way ANOVA and t-Test. The participants' motivations were founded after factor analysis. The Factors as follows: self-challenging, achievements requiring, psychological requirement and health and physical fitness, however, there wasn't any significance on the factor of social requirement of any independent variables. For those who are male and female, different ages, married and unmarried, different vocation, different income and specific event variables, there are significant differences on the factors of motivation. The results of this research, the motivation of the participants of Triathlon are interesting, recreation and self achievement. Most of the participants of Triathlon are male, from all ages and vocation, with high level education. Seeking for self-achievement is the characteristic of most participants of Triathlon.

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The purpose of this study aims at investigating the relations between the three-part skill analysis in table tennis and pregame anxiety of Taiwan male college table tennis players. This study examines if the three-part skill of male college table tennis players could be rated as pass and if there is direct relation between the three-part skill and pregame anxiety. Fifty-four male table tennis players in four colleges serve as the subjects. The data are collected from three-part skill record, three-part skill analysis chart, SCAT, and CSAI-2. Afterwards, three-part skill assessment procedure and Pearson product-moment correlation are applied to analyze the data. Results show that: 1.”Scoring percentage in serve-then-aggress part” and ”using percentage in rally part” are rated poor in the players, while ”using percentage in serve-then-aggress part,” ”scoring percentage in receive-then-aggress part,” ”using percentage in receive-then-aggress part” and ”scoring percentage in rally part” are rated as pass. 2.The relations between the three-part skill and pregame anxiety of male college players: (1) ”Scoring percentage in serve-then-aggress part” and ”scoring percentage in receive-then-aggress part” are noticeable in the correlation between three-part skill analysis and trait anxiety (p<.05); (2) ”Using percentage in serve-then-aggress part” and ”using percentage in rally part” are the more important factors in the relation between three-part skill and pregame cognition anxiety (p<.05); (3) Only ”scoring percentage in serve-then-aggress part” stands out in the relation between three-part skill analysis and pregame somatic anxiety (p<.05); (4) ” Scoring percentage in serve-then-aggress part” and ”scoring percentage in rally part” are noticeable in the relation between three-part skill analysis and confidence.