Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology
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Mehran University of Engineering and Technology,正常發行
選擇卷期
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Optimization of steel moment resisting frames considering the displacement as the fundamental element is the main aim of the present study. DDBD (Direct Displacement Based Design) methodology have been used for the subject purpose. This design methodology have been developed to cater for the shortcomings in the current FBD (Force Based Design) methodology that is in practice. Steel moment frame have been analyzed and designed with both FBD and DDBD methodologies. Strength constraints imposed by AISCLRFD (American Institute of Steel Construction Load and Resistance Factor Design) and maximum allowable displacement constraints set forth by the FEMA-356 (Federal Emergency Management Agency) against the different performance levels are checked during the optimization process. Load combinations selected are in accordance with ASCE 7-05 (American Society for Civil Engineers) Numerical example presented exhibit the advantages of DDBD over FBD methodology. It was observed that the drift experienced by the structure designed according to DDBD varies more uniformly with height as compared to FBD.
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Scarcity of resources is becoming a universal challenge for the world community. Conservation of resources could only be possible if the quality concept of waste reduction is introduced and implemented in utilization of existing resources. Out of the countless dimensions of resource conservation, this research focuses on formulation of maintenance model through human resource conservation and its optimum utilization in aviation industry. The research work remained converged to the basic managerial aspect of skill management for Multi-type rating certification. The paper introduces a new concept with enhanced managerial quality for the first line operations of Multi-type aircraft fleet. The concept has introduced synergy concept for human resource utilization to reduce the requirement of per aircraft technicians and engineers. The research has identified that quality enhancement in three major areas namely hiring process, skill development process and maintenance practices have major role to play for optimum utilization of human resource assets. The results finally achieved show remarkable reduction in overall cost effect even though with enhanced quality.
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The optimized implantation of digital filters has remained one of the challenging tasks, for FPGA (Field- Programmable Gate Array) based system designers, due to the involvement of very complex circuitry for multiplication. The multiplier consumes more recourse and hence results in less speed, being not the single step arithmetic operation. One way to carry out these implementations effectively is; to reduce the word length that will increase throughput in view of that. Since decays, SDM (Sigma-Delta Modulation) isused to convert the word length from multi-bit to single bit recurrently. This work is an extension of current trends of using SDM, in the design of Digital FIR (Finite Impulse Response) Filter, which is the most attractive component of DSP (Digital Signal Processor) In this work, we have presented single-bit ternary (0,+1,-1) and multi-bit FIR filterdesign, using the Booth multiplier technique, on small commercially used FPGA family, provided by Altera. Also, the performance analysis of designed filter with SWL (Short Word Length) using SDM and the conventional one (Multi-bit FIR Filter using general booth multiplier) is carried out. The results indicate that with consuming the resources one third of the conventional design, the sigma delta modulation based multiplier results six times more efficient in terms of achieved frequency, hence sum up the reason of using the sigma delta modulation in about all DSP applications.
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Transport sector can be considered as a backbone of the national and regional economies. Well-arranged transportation facilities are essential for the movement of people and goods, which can make nations agile and strong to face ever-increasing global and local socioeconomic problems. However, most of the developing countries were facing acute transport-related problems, i.e. absence of transport policies, inaccessibility, the proper road network hierarchy and unavailability of low-cost transportation services, especially for rural dwellers. Hence, the aim of this research is to propose policy implications by reviewing suitable literature associated with regional transportation planning, which can be essential to upsurge accessibility standards and abolish the transport-related problems of the rural sub-regions of developing countries. This research article is intended for the planned development and socioeconomic well-being of depressed sub-regions, which are struggling with the problem of transportation inaccessibility over the years. It was found that accessibility is a dominant element of transportation studies in rural sub-regions, if addressed by the concerned authorities or planning agencies; the deprived sub-regions can flourish and prosper with the passage of time.
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To effectively improve the performance of representation based classifier, a spatial spectral joint classification post-processing approach is proposed, based on the application of edge preserving BF (Bilateral Filtering) method. The proposed framework includes two key processes: (1) the classifier (such as SRC, CRC, or KSRC) based on sparse representation of each pixel is used to obtain soft-classified probabilities belonging to each information class for each pixel; (2) spatial spectral joint BF for the soft-classified probabilities map. It is aimed to integrate context-aware information for each pixel class labels. Under the spatial guidance image, extracted from the three principle component, a BF is employed to get the refined probability maps. The BF considers not only the spatial distance but it also considers the image context-aware distance which significantly improves the classification results. Finally, the class label is obtained by choosing the maximum probability criteria. The experimental results on three benchmark hyperspectral data sets showed that the ＂local smoothing＂ is efficient and has a potential to achieve high classification accuracy. All the algorithms are implemented with equal number of labeled samples and comparative results are presented in terms of visual classification map and numerical classification results. The major advantages of proposed method are: it is simple, noniterative and easy to implement. Hence, the advantages lead to significant usage in real applications.
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The importance of statistical modeling is obvious because it imparts an imperative role in predicting the effects of significant factors on any experimental process. In recent days, ELMs (Emulsion Liquid Membranes) are considered as an effective technique for the treatment of industrial wastewater. Despite of many advantages over the other treatment methods, ELM technology encounters one serious drawback of the stability of emulsion. The subject of this research is to identify the factors which are important to study the stability of ELM and also to evaluate the response of these parameters on stability. The membrane used in this study consisted of Span-80 and Hexane as surfactant and diluent respectively. The internal aqueous phase was H_2SO_4. The experimental setup was designed by using a well-known statistical approach of DoE (Design of Experiment) and the data was analyzed by Taguchi Method using a fractional factorial design. All the parameters including aqueous phase concentration, surfactant concentration, volume ratio of organic to aqueous phase, emulsification speed and emulsification time were selected as key factors to study their effect on the stability of ELM. Using different statistical techniques, it was found that emulsification speed and volume ratio of organic to aqueous phase are two most significant parameters. The significance level of these factors i.e. emulsification speed and volume ratio of organic to aqueous phase was statistically found as 99.7 and 99.9% respectively. A statistical model was also developed and the experimental results were compared with estimated results. The value of correlation coefficient, R^2 was calculated as 0.997 indicating that the developed model fits the data very well.
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Software development globally an important business nowadays and also there are different issues related to software development process especially in change management process when there is change in requirement due to lack of communication, coordination and expert knowledge not properly manage. The aim of this paper is to provide and proposed framework to manage RCM (Requirement Change Management) using CBR (Cased Based Reasoning) technique effectively and intelligently. CBR to solve change in requirement on the base of previous knowledge and experience evaluated the proposed framework through experimental study. The experimental study depicted that proposed framework improved requirement change management in GSD (Globally Software Development) instead of other methods for change management of requirements in globally dispersed environment effectively.
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Solid waste is a great threat not only to the economy of any country but for the environment too. The public through various sources generate tons of solid waste regularly. In the era of globalization, one of the rising issues of developing and under developed countries is handling such huge masses of solid waste. Hyderabad is the 2nd largest city of Sindh and 6th in Pakistan. Unfortunately, it does not poses proper solid waste management system right from collection up to its proper disposal. Most of those uncollected wastage poses a highrisk to the public through blockage of drains and formation of stagnant ponds which provide a breeding ground for flies and mosquitoes with a high risk of diseases. The public role and awareness can reduce this enormous load from Government. This research aims to uncover the reasons for solid waste generation in Hyderabad city. For data collection, various dumping sites in the city have been visited. Interviews were conducted with municipal officers of city for more precise data and possible causes of waste generation. Finally, a questionnaire survey has been conducted to list out top most significant causes of poor work management in the city. The data was analyzed in SPSS 24.0 with the help of average index technique. From the analysis of data, the top critical causes have been identified for Hyderabad city and discussed with the field expert for their possible solution.
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It has been found that communication is actually important in our lives; without it is difficult to accomplish something. It becomes possible with the support of the technology that is being used today; now it is easy to communicate as faster and much easier. A type of an agent called Chatbot is a conversational agent or a special kind of a program which had been specifically designed to replicate an intelligent chat with a single or multiple human users by using auditory or text based techniques. Chatbots are become an innovative application of industrial and research domains which specifically represent human to machine interaction systems. In technical perspective, efficacy of chatbots can be enhanced by designing multiagent communication system using novel mechanisms. Although our study focuses on building chatbots that sustain agents in collaborative learning by interacting with one or more chat agents. The proposed research is based on client server chatbots so that they will be capable to communicate by sending and receiving questions and responses. In this article we have present the design and implementation of two chatbots interaction. This consists of KR (Knowledge Reorganization) system, NLP (Natural Language Processing), KB (Knowledge Base) to handle its intelligent capabilities and client server socket system for integration. It has been implemented through Java.
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The attributes of the built environment may influence walking in neighbourhood. The objective of this study is to find the association between objectively assessed and perceived built environment attributes. To achieve the objective of the study three neighbourhood of Putrajaya, Malaysia Precinct 8, 9 and 18 were selected. This study used NEWS (Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Scale) abbreviated version for the comparison of the residents' perceptions regarding attributes of three neighbourhoods of Putrajaya in Malaysia that differ on objective measures derived from a GIS (Geographical Information System) data basis and Putrajaya master plan. High-walkable neighbourhood residents reported built environment attributes ratings persistently higher as compared to the residents of the moderate and lowwalkable neighbourhood. Results from the high walkable neighborhood shows that on a 5-point Likert scale most residents perceived high ratings of within the range of ＂3＂ except for residential density as there is a different scoring procedure for it. There are lowest ratings perceived within the range of ＂1＂ for the attribute crime and according to the scoring procedure for crime lowest score reflects the highest level of walking.There is no significant difference found in the ratings for traffic hazards. Subjective measures of built environment attributes had moderate to high alpha (α) value. Hence theneighbourhood environment walkability scale can be used for subjective assessment in the tropical context.