Defect inspection and classification are an essential part of the manufacturing process in the industry. Many machine learning methods have been applied in the actual production process in recent years. This study discusses the potential benefits of employing a hybrid convolutional neural network-support vector machine (CNN-SVM) combined with transfer learning, squared hinge loss (L2 loss), and pre-trained weights for defect classification. A three-phase procedure is proposed that includes data preprocessing, training of multiple differently configured models, a performance evaluation, and selection of the optimal model. A light-emitting diode (LED) lead frame dataset obtained from a real-world application is used to evaluate the scheme. It is found that the proposed system increases the classification accuracy by up to 18.03% compared to similar models, while reducing the training time by at least half. Therefore, this study suggests selecting ResNet50-V2 with pre-trained weights, a custom output fully connected layer, and L2 loss as the optimal base model to construct an automatic defect classification system for the LED lead frame problem. In particular, this study focuses on the comparative evaluation of the performance of different transfer learning approaches. The proposed method is a low-cost and efficient solution that can be effectively used for defect classification in the industry.
Laney 𝑝′管制圖是一種新的計數型管制圖,可應用於製程具有過度散布(overdispersion)或者散布不足(underdispersion)之情況。本研究利用模擬的方式,探討Laney 𝑝′管制圖在參數是估計之情況之下,評估其偵測製程異常之能力。本研究利用平均連串長度(average run length, ARL)之平均數(AARL)和標準差(SDARL),評估Laney 𝑝′管制圖之績效。研究成果可供實務界參考。
本研究聚焦於高雄地區三間基本金屬製造業上市公司之品管人員,建立品質專業職能模型問卷之題項及職能項目,建構『品管人員專業職能評鑑量表』,並進行研究對象之不同背景變項之品管人員在專業職能之差異性分析與重要性分析。結果顯示,製造業品質專業人員所需之七項主要職能,其重要性排序分別為:(1)品質意識、(2)持續改善、(3)執行力、人際溝通能力、專業導向、(4)問題分析與解決能力、(5)顧客導向。不同教育程度與職務別之品管人員於顧客導向項目有顯著差異。
現在越來越多人美髮沙龍業者將服務項目關注在頭皮護理與保養,特別是處理落髮的問題。本研究主要是探討雄性禿之落髮現象並以典型雄性禿之患者為個案研究對象,進行案例改善分析與討論。因此,本研究彙整育毛原理與雄性禿之脫髮原因,並針對雄性禿患者提出無副作用的頭皮護理與育毛流程。研究結果顯示此護理流程能讓植髮處的毛孔能正常張開,以利毛髮延長其生命週期,並提升製造新生髮的機率。本實驗歷經20個月的個案實證研究,比較頭頂頭髮之實驗前與實驗後之目視效果,有顯著提升。然而,所增加的髮量尚未達到足以完全遮蓋頭皮的水準。所以,本實驗未來將持續進行28個月的個案護理流程並定時追蹤效果。
本研究旨在探討地方行政部門如何落實計畫優先順序的選擇,以期提昇地方的行政效能。本研究除以文獻研究法了解行政計畫編製的方法外,並以數十年來針對中央和地方的計畫預算編列觀察經驗,以檢視計畫預算形同虛設的緣由。本研究此種質化研究的發現,對於地方行政公部門固然是相當沉重的檢視,但愛之深、責之切,設若地方首長能深切體認計畫預算的行政功能和價值,在預算編製時能落實計畫預算的作業方法,相信地方行政效能之提昇,指日可待。本研究對地方行政在計畫預算的落實;尤其在發展效能政府過程中,苟能積極扮演計畫作為的角色。或許地方效能政府能成為未來政府的主流。