安寧療護是普世價值且為護理的本質

Hospice Palliative Care is a Universal Value and the Essence of Nursing

趙可式(Co-Shi Chantal Chao)

《護理雜誌》 62卷2期 (2015/04) Pp. 5-12

https://doi.org/10.6224/JN.62.2.5

摘要

本文先從四方面闡述安寧療護已成為普世價值：英國的創始者，桑德思醫師與歷史發展；美國總統歐巴馬的健保規劃；新加坡連氏基金會對全世界40個國家「死亡品質」之調查；及台灣的「安寧療護運動」。繼之說明安寧療護如何改變了醫療的文化，以及世界衛生組織對安寧療護的定義與內涵的界定，並點出了一般民眾及部分醫護人員的錯誤認知。安寧療護不能只是喊口號或空泛的理念而已，為了落實理念，必須答覆末期病人的需求，也因此醫護專業人員需有必備的知能。最後以筆者創建的「生生世世，三三四四」，作為統整安寧療護的哲理，並以此為護理的本質。

關鍵字

安寧療護 ； 末期照護 ； 善終 ； 善別 ； 善生 ； 生生世世－三三四四

並列摘要

This article uses four examples to illustrate the recent rise of hospice palliative care as a universal value. These examples include the story of Dame Cecily Saunders, the pioneer of the palliative care movement in the U.K.; the national healthcare plan currently promoted by United States' President Obama; a survey on the topic of quality of death in 40 countries conducted by the Lien Foundation (Singapore); and the story of the Hospice Movement in Taiwan. This article further describes how hospice palliative care has changed the healthcare culture and presents the World Health Organization's definition of palliative care and the implications of this definition. Additionally, this article identifies the common palliative-care mistakes that have been made by the general public and by healthcare workers. Healthcare professionals must acquire essential relevant knowledge and skills in order to ensure that hospice palliative care addresses the needs of terminally ill patients adequately. Finally, the author describes a novel approach to instilling proper palliative-care concepts and practices that is entitled Life, Peace, Care, and Honor (LPCH or the ＂3344＂ concept).

並列關鍵字

hospice palliative care ； end-of-life care ； good dying ； good grief ； good life ； ＂life, peace, care, and honor＂ approach to palliative care

參考文獻

Buckman, R. (1994). How to break bad news - A guide for health care professionals. London, England: Pan Books.

DeSpelder, L. A., & Strickland, A. L. (2010). The last dance: Encountering death and dying (9th ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw Hill.

Temel, J. S., Greer, J. A., Muzikansky, A., Gallagher, E. R., Admane, S., Jackson, V. A., … Lynch, T. J. (2010). Early palliative care for patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. The New England Journal of Medicine, 363(8), 733-742.

Woodruff, R. (2004). Palliative medicine - Evidence-based symptomatic and supportive care for patients with advanced cancer (4th ed.). Oxford, NY: Oxford University Press.

中央健康保險署（2015）．安寧療護（住院、居家、共照及社區）網路查詢服務． 取自http://www.nhi.gov.tw/webdata/webdata.aspx?menu=20&menu_id=712&webdata_id=3650&WD_ID=902 [National Health Insurance Administration, Taiwan, ROC. (2015). Internet inquiry service for hospice palliative care. Retrieved from http://www.nhi.gov.tw/webdata/webdata.aspx?menu=20&menu_id=712&webdata_id=3650&WD_ID=902]