基層農會推廣人員之工作投入

Job Involvement of Extension Agents in Farmers' Association at Local Level

張淑倫(Shu-Lun Chang)

《農業推廣學報》 12期 (1995/12) Pp. 15-43

https://doi.org/10.29788/RAES.199512.0002

摘要

一直以來，農會推廣人員在農業推廣過程中，擔任農業政策推行及指導農民的角色，為農業推廣工作中不可缺少的一部分。為了落實農業推廣工作，須先瞭解農業推廣人員的工作態度。因此，本研究從探討基層農會推廣人員工作投入的情形來著手，主要研究以下兩點：1.瞭解基層農會推廣人員的工作價值、所知覺的組織氣候及其工作投入之情形。2.探討影響基層農會推廣人員工作投入之因素。關於推廣人員的工作價值，評價最高的是「工作內在價值」構面；其次為「工作晉升價值」構面；接著為「社會地位價值」構面；而評價最低者為「工作薪酬價值」構面。故推廣人員對推廣工作的評價均相當高。推廣人員所知覺的農會組織氣候，整體而言，是適合推廣人員進行推廣工作的情境。除「工作壓力」較大外，在農會中，大多數的組織次氣候皆適合推廣人員從事推廣工作。基層農會推廣人員工作投入的程度相當的高。「工作參與」構面的高分，表示推廣人員在行動上對推廣工作有高程度的投入；而「認同工作」構面的高得分，表示推廣工作對推廣人員而言，在其生活上有相當程度的重要性。故推廣人員不僅在行動上積極參與工作，在知覺上亦相當認同推廣工作的重要性。影響推廣人員工作投入的因素，在工作投入的「工作參與」構面達顯著影響的有：工作價值的「工作內在價值」構面及組織氣候的「工作特性」構面、「工作勝任」構面、「硬體環境」構面與「。工作壓力」構面。在工作投入「認同工作」構面達顯著影響的有：工作價值的「工作內在價值」構面與「工作薪酬價值」構面；組織氣候的「工作特性」構面、「硬體環境」構面。

並列摘要

In the process of the work of agricultural extension, extension agents in farmers' association at local level have been playing an important part in executing agricultural policies and instructing farmers for a long time. In order to fulfill the work of agricultural extension, we have to realize the working attitudes of those extension agents.Therefore, this research will begin with how much do the extension agents at local level involve into their work. The main points are: 1. To realize their working value, what organizational climate they are aware of and the situation of their job involvement; 2. To discuss the factors which will influence their job involvement.According to extension agents' working value, the dimension of 「instrisic value」's estimation is the highest, the dimension of 「upward striving」is the second, and the dimension of 「social status of job」 is the third one, and the dimension of 「attitude toward earnings」 is the worse one. Extension agents estimate their work highly as a whole.The organizational climate that the extension agents are aware of is the situation which fits them to do their job in general. Most of the sub-organizational climates fit the agents to do their work except that they feel more pressure in the farmers' association at local level.The level of the extension agents' job involvement is remarkable. The high score of the dimension of 「participate in job」 represents that extension agents involved into the work of agricultural extension in a great level actively; and the high score of the dimension of 「identity of job」represents the work of agricultural extension means certain important in their life. In general, the extension agents have to not only participate in their job enthusiastically but also acknowledge the important of the work of agricultural extension.The factors which significant influence agents' job involvement in the dimension of 「participate in job」 are the dimension of 「instrisic value」 of work value; the dimension of 「task characteristics」, the dimension of 「employee competence」, the dimension of 「physical setting」, the dimension of 「pressure to produce」 of organizational climate. The factors which significant influence agents' job involvement in the dimension of 「identity of job」 are the dimension of 「instrisic value」, the dimension of 「attitude toward earnings」 of work value;, the dimension of 「task characteristics」, the dimension of 「physical setting」 of organizational climate.