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漁村婦女在家庭經營決策參與之研究

A Study on Women's Participation in Decision-making of Fishery Families

摘要


由於營漁本身的複雜性以及本研究所欲突顯的「家庭經營」特質,本研究以養殖漁戶之漁家婦女為訪問對象,受訪漁家婦女共有325位。研究發現:1.在營漁決策上,通常做最後決定者多為受訪者的丈夫。有的家庭不全然是夫妻做主,其中受訪者的公公在營漁決策上佔的份量頗重。受訪漁村婦女決策參與最多的項目為養殖資金籌措運用。不論是誰做決策,通常大多會與家人商量,商量對象主要為配偶。商量最多的項目為是否買賣、租入、租出養殖用地。約6成的人認為在營漁決策方面維持現狀即可。對上述狀況,有9成的人表示滿意。2.家務決策的參與情形,因項目不同而有頗大的區別。通常由受訪漁村婦女決定較多的項目依序為:家庭日用品購買,家人養生、看病、照顧,子女教養。決策者在做各項家務決策之前大多會與家人商量,商量對象主要為配偶。商量最多的項目為大型家電、家具的購買。約7成的人認為在家務決策方面維持現狀即可。高達9成以上的受訪者為家務決策參與情形感到滿意。3.影響漁村婦女參與營漁決策的因素有:營漁操作參與、家庭類型、營漁知識與丈夫比較等3個變項。影響參與家務決策的因素有:家務操作參與、家庭類型、家務知識與丈夫比較、人格特質積極性、媒體接觸等5個變項。4.在營漁決策上,資訊不足為漁村婦女較常有的問題與困擾。她們較希望提升的能力依序為:生產養殖技術、經營管理能力等。對受訪者而言,家務決策似乎並不困難,經營發生問題或困擾的百分比並不高,其中以資訊不足較常發生。在家務決策上較希望提升的能力依序為:教養子女、營養保健等。根據研究發現,本研究建議漁村婦女若有意提高自己在家庭經營決策的參與,則宜充實營漁與家務有關知識,增進自己的家庭經營能力、積極投入營漁與家務操持有關工作,增加自己對家庭經營的貢獻。建議漁業推廣工作者打破傳統以性別分類的活動設計和內容安排及針對推廣對象的需要設計活動和安排教學內容。

關鍵字

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並列摘要


Owing to the variety and complexity of fish culture components and our major concern with home management, we decided to interview the women of the fishing-culture families regarding to the items for the better management of fishing-culture. A total of 325 women of the fishery culture families were interviewed. The following facts were found. 1. The final decision in the management of fish culture was often made by the husbands of interviewees in great majority. But in some families, the decision was not made by the husband or wife, and the fathers of husbands played more important role in making decision. The women of the fishery villages have their more important roles on the financing management for fish culture. If they plan to buy or sale, rent or hire the farm, they consult with the families. About sixty percent of the interviewees expressed the hope of keeping the present situation. And ninety percent of the persons interviewed were satisfied with that. 2. The decision concerning with home management was quite different in different home affair items. The decision was made often after discussion with their families in great majority. The major consultants are their spouses. About seventy percent of the interviewees agreed to keep their present role, and ninety percent of the women interviewed were satisfied with the present roles. 3. The factors affecting the women's participation in decision making of fish culture include three variables. They are (1) operation of fishing and cultivating work, (2) family structures, (3) fishing and cultivating knowledge comparison with their husbands. The factors affecting the women's participation in decision making of home management include five variables. They are (1) participation of home affairs, (2) family structures, (3) knowledge about home affairs and comparisons with their husbands, (4) personality characteristics, active or inactive, (5)exposure for mass media. 4. In the decision-making of the fish culture, the major problems or troubles were lacking information. Their hope to improve the ability in the following orders: (1) the technology of fish culture, (2) good management of business. It is not difficult for the interviewees to make decision on home management. Only a few percentages had their problems or troubles. The major one is lacking information. Their hope to improve the ability in decision making in the following orders: (1) education and growing of children, (2) nutrition and health instruction. From the study we have following suggestions:1. For the women of fishery families: They have to improve their knowledge of the fishing business and home affairs as well as their abilities of management. They have to more actively participate the works on fish culture and home work in order to increase their contribution to their families.2. For fishery extension workers: They have to adjust their programs from traditional consideration of different sexes. The programs planning should be fitted to the client needs of the objects and try to teach them and to improve their abilities.

並列關鍵字

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被引用紀錄


黃彥霖(2011)。員工參與、信任與情感承諾關聯性研究〔碩士論文,淡江大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6846%2fTKU.2011.01004
高淑郁(2010)。東石鄉牡蠣產業的經營與性別化空間的形塑〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315184277

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