基層農業推廣人員工作壓力之研究

Job Stress Among Township-Level Agricultural Extension Agents in Taiwan

董時叡(Shih-Jul Tung) ； 王俊雄(Jiun-Shong Wang)

《農業推廣學報》 17期 (2000/12) Pp. 83-104

https://doi.org/10.29788/RAES.200012.0003

摘要

本文旨在探討農業遇向自由化過程中，面對較過往艱鉅的組織內外環境，基層農業推廣人員承受工作壓力的情形和差異。研究以台灣中北部地區基層農會和鄉鎮公所從事農業推廣工作人員為分析對象，以面對面調查訪問了314位推廣員後，在列出的46個工作壓力項目中，大體上可看出角色過度負荷、專業知識不足和資源配合不夠等是基層推廣人員認知較嚴重的工作壓力類目。在以推廣組織類別（分為農會和公所兩系統）、性別、教育程度、婚姻狀況、年齡和推廣工作資歷等因素為自變項，將所有壓力項目得分加總做為依變項進行差異分析後，發現農會推廣人員明顯比公所人員在絕大部分壓力認知項目上，具有較高的壓力感受，驗證組織特性與成員工作壓力感受間有明確的關連性；而女性和較年輕的推廣員，也表現出較高的壓力認知。致力制度改善、工作人員身心紓解以及重視壓力的研究，應是未來值得關注的議題。

關鍵字

工作壓力 ； 農業推廣 ； 推廣人員 ； 農會

並列摘要

Job stress perceived by township-level agricultural extension agents deserves more concern due to drastic changes of organization environments. This study is to specify stress perception and clarify the influential factors related to the job stress differences. The sample is drawn from two groups, township-level Farmer's Associations and official administrative organizations. In the mean time, the factors that might affect the differences are taken into account to examine the genuine relationship among organization and personal factors and stress perception. Personal interview is employed to recruit 314agents in north-central Taiwan throughout three counties.
A total of forty-six job stress items are presented to all respondents and expertise insufficiency, and resource shortage are the primary causes for the respondents' stress reactions. A differential analysis is undertaken taking organization factor and stress scores into account, controlling interviewer's gender, education level, marital status, age, and tenure in agricultural extension work. It indicates that agents of Farmer's Associations generally express higher job stress perception than their counterparts form official organizations. Female and younger agents are subject to job stress. The proposed relationship among working environments personal characteristics, and job stress is confirmed after all.

並列關鍵字

job stress ； agricultural extension ； extension agents ； farmer's associations