省產竹材保存研究之回顧

A Review of Studies on the Preservation of Bamboo in Taiwan

王振瀾(Chen-Lan Wang)

《林產工業》 8卷3期 (1989/09) Pp. 79-85

https://doi.org/10.6561/FPI.1989.8(3).7

摘要

本文將以往25年中，省產竹材保存的研究工作做一回顧。由民國五十二年至民國七十一年，林試所化學系會進行六種竹類（孟宗竹，桂竹，藤竹，長枝竹，莿竹及綠竹）的防腐，除蟲及防霉試驗。使用藥劑主要為五氯酚鈉，鉻化砷酸銅及雜酚油。另外，先後試用過硼酸，硫黃，雙氧水，安息香酸等十餘種藥品，惟效果較遜。處理方法有加壓注入，浸潰，噴霧及燻蒸等，以前兩者效果較好。此外，台大森林所會執行塗裝與藥劑配合處理的研究，更增加保存效果。處理過竹材的應用包括各類工藝品、家具、橋樑和栽培香蕉、蘆筍、及黃瓜、蕃茄等果菜的支柱等。近年來，生產衛生竹筷為竹材利用的主要項目，非藥劑性之竹筷滅菌，乾燥及防霉等為重要之保存研究工作。

關鍵字

竹林 ； 保存藥劑 ； 處理方法

並列摘要

This article reviews the last 25 years' researches on Bamboo preservations in Taiwan. During the period of 1962 through 1982, the experiments of protecting bamboos from being attacked by fungi, insects, and sapstains were performed in the Chemistry Division of Taiwan Forestry Research Institute. The 6 major species were P. pubescens mazel, P. makinoi Hay., D. latiflorus Munro. B. dolichoclada Hay., B. Stenostachya Hackel, and B. oldhamii Munro. The chemicals used were mainly Na-PCP, CCA, and creosote. Boric acid, sulfur, Hydrogen peroxide and other more than 10 chemicals were also applied to protect bamboos, but they showed less effect. The treating methods included pressure treatment, soaking, spraying, and fumigation, of which, the first two resulted in better protections. Around 1970, the Forestry Department of National Taiwan University investigated the combining treatment of coating and chemical-preserving to enhance the duratility of treated bamboo. The applications of preserved bamboos included handicrafts. furnitures, bridges, and the supports for cultivating banana, aspirogus, tomatoes, and cucumbers Recently, the production of chopsticks has become the major item of bamboo usage. Therefore, the non-chemical treatments for mold-retarding, drying, and sapstain prevention are the important topics of bamboo preservations.

並列關鍵字

Bamboo ； Preserving Chemicals ； Treating Methods