水稻新品種臺南16號之育成

A Newly Developed Rice Variety "Tainan No. 16"

陳榮坤(R. K. Chen) ； 林彥蓉(Y. R. Lin) ； 羅正宗(J. C. Lo)

《臺南區農業改良場研究彙報》 60期 (2012/12) Pp. 1-12

https://doi.org/10.29558/XLZY.201212.0001

摘要

水稻新品種臺南16號原品系名稱為南稉育1001044號，係本場為選育具有日本稉稻品種越光之優良品質，且對光週期不敏感而能於臺灣廣泛種植的優良稻米品種之育種目標下，所選育的品種。於2007年二期作利用越光為母本，抽穗期之貢獻親臺農67號為父本進行雜交，獲得之F1再與輪迴親本越光回交四次，分別產生BC1F1、BC2F1、BC3F1及BC4F1，每一個回交世代輔以分子標誌輔助前景篩選與背景篩選，確定導入抽穗期基因，並挑選帶有較多越光基因體背景之個體進入下一世代的回交。2010年一期作於BC4F2世代選定9個單株，於2010年二期作及2011年一期作進入產量比較試驗及米質分析檢定，從中擇優選出南稉育1001044號。本品種抽穗期較越光延遲13.3～ 20.4天，屬於中晚熟品種，米粒外觀晶瑩剔透、白堊質率低，食味品質甚於越光，以及產量高於越光30％以上等優良特性，已明顯改善越光之極早熟、產量低等缺點，為適合於臺灣環境下栽培的優質品種。並於2012年5月28日經本場研發成果管理委員會審議通過，命名為臺南16號。期望藉由本品種的推出，對持續提昇我國稻米品質、建立本土稻米品牌及增加農民收益等方面均有所助益，強化稻米產業競爭力。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 臺南16號 ； 育種 ； 分子標誌輔助選種 ； 米質

並列摘要

A new rice variety ”Tainan 16” which original line was NKY1001044, was released by Tainan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station. Tainan 16 possessed the excellent eating quality of japonica rice variety, Koshihikari, but without photoperiod sensitivity, leading to cultivated in Taiwan broadly. Koshihikari, serving as the female parent, was crossed to Tainung 67 (TNG 67), serving as the male parent, in the second crop season of 2007, then the F1 was backcrossed to the recurrent parent, Koshihikari, for four times. The progeny of each generation, BC1F1, BC2F1, BC3F1, and BC4F1, were selected for backcross by implementation of marker-assisted selection, for which three heading date alleles of TNG 67 were used as foreground selection, homozygous Koshihikari genotypes of markers covered rice genomes were used as background selection. Nine selected BC4F2 individuals were planted in first crop season of 2010 and were assessed for agronomic traits, yield components, and grain quality in the second crop season of 2010 and first season crop of 2011. As the result of assessments, NKY1001044 was selected for further evaluation. NKY1001044 is a middle-late mature and headed later than Koshihikari did for 13.3-20.4 days. The grain appearance of NKY1001044 is translucent and less chalky. In addition, the eating quality of NKY1001044 was better than Koshihikari's with 30% more grain yield. In May 28, 2012, NKY1001044 was registered as ”Tainan 16” by the agreement of the Committee of Registration for New Rice Varieties of the Tainan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station. We expect that the release of ”Tainan 16” can establish a local brand of rice variety and enhance the grain quality of rice industry continuously. Moreover, ”Tainan 16” could increase the revenue of farmers and strengthen the competence of rice industry.

並列關鍵字

Japonica rice ； Tainan 16 ； Breeding ； Marker-Assisted Selection ； Grain quality