2010年版美國心臟學會心肺復甦術準則之重大改變

Major Changes in the 2010 AHA Guidelines for CPR

施美秀(Mei-Hsiu Shih) ； 桑潁潁(Yiing-Yiing Sang) ； 胡勝川(Sheng-Chuan Hu)

《榮總護理》 28卷2期 (2011/06) Pp. 213-218

https://doi.org/10.6142/VGHN.28.2.213

摘要

美國心臟學會根據近年來的實證醫學研究結果，公佈了2010年版心肺復甦術(Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, CPR)與緊急心臟照護(Emergency Cardiovascular Care, ECC)準則，並刊載於11月份Circulation雜誌，適逢CPR發展至今50年！顛覆五十年來急救時先建立呼吸道的準則，而改以「叫、叫、C-A-B」的流程，即施救者要儘快先確認心臟停止，將壓胸提前於吹氣前，即先壓胸(C-chest compression)，然後打開呼吸道(A-airway)，給予吹氣(B-breathing)，以提早第一次壓胸的時間。不再以「看、聽、感覺」評估呼吸，不強調以評估脈搏當成是判斷心臟停止的方法，鼓勵未受訓練之民眾可提供純壓胸式CPR(hands-only CPR)，以提高施救成功率。對高品質CPR也有更明確要求，如壓胸速率應「至少100下／每分鐘」，壓胸深度應「至少五公分」。期望藉由本文介紹，讓國內讀者之急救知能與國際同步，在急救實務上更能提供高品質的心肺復甦照護。

關鍵字

心肺復甦術 ； 心臟停止

並列摘要

American Heart Association (AHA) had published the 2010 guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and Emergency Cardiovascular Care (ECC) in Circulation based on recent evidence-based researches. The Guidelines emphasize the importance of immediate recognition of sudden cardiac arrest and consider the benefits of chest compression. A major change is to recommend the initiation of compressions before open airway. That is, a C-A-B process (compression, airway and breathing) leads to a shorter delay to first compression. Instead of ”Look, Listen, and Feel” and checking the pulse to determine the breath, we encourage hands-only CPR for the lay-rescuer to improve the rescue rate. Moreover, a high-quality CPR has precise requirements. There should be at least 100 chest compressions per minute with a compression depth of 2 inches. We hope that our readers can obtain the latest information of resuscitation and provide high-quality CPR in practice.

並列關鍵字

cardiopulmonary resuscitation ； cardiac arrest